摘要
为明确玉米花生宽幅带状间作下不同肥料处理对作物生长发育的影响,设置玉米花生间作不施肥(K0)、间作玉米花生施常规肥(K1)、间作玉米施缓控肥花生减施肥料(K2)、单作玉米施常规肥(SM)、单作花生施常规肥(SP)5个处理,测定形态性状、叶绿素含量、光合特性、干物质积累量、氮含量及相关酶活、产量的变化。结果表明:在不同施肥处理下,间作玉米氮代谢酶活性、净光合速率、各器官干物质量和氮素积累量均表现为K2>K1>K0,且间作玉米边行显著高于中间行。K2和K1处理间作玉米产量比K0和单作分别显著增加21.95%、17.34%(p<0.05)和14.10%、9.78%(p<0.05)。不同肥料处理下花生主茎高、侧枝长、氮代谢酶活性、叶绿素a含量、净光合速率、各器官干物质重和氮素积累量表现为K1>K2>K0,中间行>边行,且单作>间作。K2和K1处理花生中间行净光合速率比K0显著增加67.75%和64.82%(p<0.05),产量比K0处理显著增加30.65%和21.26%(p<0.05),但比单作显著降低6.81%和13.49%(p<0.05)。可见,间作玉米施用缓控肥提高了玉米叶片氮代谢酶活性、各器官干物质积累量、氮素积累量和净光合速率,生长速率加快,进而增加产量。施肥增加花生生长前期氮素吸收量,促进氮代谢酶活性和净光合速率增加、加快干物质积累,增加产量。K1和K2处理土地当量比均大于1。研究结果对创新优化适宜东北地区种植的玉米花生宽幅带状间作技术提供科学依据。
In order to clarify the effects of different fertilizer treatments on crop growth and development,five treatments were set:maize and peanut intercropping without fertilizer(K0),intercropping maize and peanut with conventional fertilizer(K1),intercropping maize with slow and controlled fertilizer,peanut with reduced fertilizer(K2),monoculture maize with conventional fertilizer(SM)and monoculture peanut with conventional fertilizer(SP).The changes of morphological characters,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation,nitrogen accumulation and yield were measured.The results showed that under different fertilization treatments,the nitrogen metabolic enzyme activity,net photosynthetic rate,organ dry matter mass and nitrogen content of intercropping maize were K2>K1>K0,and the side row of intercropping maize was significantly higher than that of the middle row.Compared with K0 and monoculture,the yield of maize intercropped with K2 and K1 increased significantly by 21.95%,17.34(p<0.05)and 14.10%,9.78%(p<0.05).Under different fertilizer treatments,the main stem height,lateral branch length,nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity,chlorophyll a content,net photosynthetic rate,organ dry matter weight and nitrogen accumulation content of peanut were K1>K2>K0,middle row>side row,and monoculture>intercropping.The net photosynthetic rate of middle row of peanut treated with K2 and K1 was significantly higher than that of K0 by 67.75%and 64.82%(p<0.05),and the yield was significantly higher than that of K0 by 30.65%and 21.26%(p<0.05),which was significantly lower than that of monoculture by 6.81%and 13.49%(p<0.05).The application of slow and controlled fertilizer in intercropping maize increased the activity of nitrogen metabolism enzymes in maize leaves,dry matter accumulation in organs,nitrogen accumulation content in organs and net photosynthesis and rate,accelerated the growth rate and increased the yield.Fertilization had increased nitrogen uptake in the early growth stage of peanut,promoted the activity of nitrogen metabolism enzymes and net photosynthetic rate,accelerated dry matter accumulation and increased yield.The land equivalent ratio of K1 and K2 treatment were greater than 1.The results of this study provided a scientific basis for the innovation and optimization of the maize and peanut strip intercropping technology suitable for planting in Northeast China.
作者
袁洋
董奇琦
贾佩岩
史晓龙
蒋春姬
王晓光
张正
万书波
于海秋
赵新华
YUAN Yang;DONG Qi-qi;JIA Pei-yan;SHI Xiao-long;JIANG Chun-ji;WANG Xiao-guang;ZHANG Zheng;WAN Shu-bo;YU Hai-qiu;ZHAO Xin-hua(College of Agronomy,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250110,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期129-139,共11页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-13)
辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2021JH/10400034)。
关键词
间作
肥料
光合速率
氮代谢酶活性
产量
intercropping
fertilizer
Photosynthetic rate
Nitrogen metabolizing enzyme activity
yield
