摘要
动车组牵引供电系统经常遭受过电压冲击。作为车载电气设备的重要保护装置,车顶避雷器的工作环境相比电力系统更加恶劣。近年来,动车组车顶避雷器的炸裂故障时有发生,严重危害高速铁路的安全运行。为了研究避雷器发生炸裂的内在原因,针对正常、缺陷、炸裂三种状态的车顶避雷器开展整体电气性能试验和解体试验研究。通过直流参考电压测试、泄漏电流测试、扫描电镜测试和EDS能谱测试,获得了正常、缺陷和炸裂避雷器的宏观和微观特征,对车顶避雷器炸裂原因进行了分析,并提出了预防措施。研究结果表明,动车组车顶避雷器在长期运行过程中,可能发生阀片受潮,阀片铝电极层和侧面绝缘层可能发生劣化,形成安全隐患。有必要提高车顶避雷器的密封性能要求,并优化检修流程,以减少避雷器的炸裂故障。
The traction power supply system of EMU often suffers from overvoltage impact.As an important protection device for on-board electrical equipment,the operation voltage environment of roof arrester is worse than that of power system.In recent years,the explosion failure of roof arrester of EMU occurred occasionally,which seriously endangered the safe operation of high-speed railway.In order to study the internal causes of roof arrester explosion,we carried out the overall electrical performance test and disassembly test of roof arrester in normal,defective and exploded states.Through DC reference voltage test,leakage current test,scanning electron microscope test and EDS energy spectrum test,we obtained the macro and micro characteristics of normal,defective and exploded arrester.Based on the data,the causes of roof arrester explosion were analyzed and the preventive measures were proposed.The results show that during the long-term operation of the roof arrester of EMU,the varistors may be damp,and the aluminum electrode layer and side insulation layer of the varistors may deteriorate,forming potential safety hazards.Thus,it is necessary to improve the sealing performance requirements of roof arrester and optimize the maintenance process to reduce the explosion failure of arrester.
作者
律方成
张启哲
王胜辉
董兴浩
刘健
王华倩
LYU Fangcheng;ZHANG Qizhe;WANG Shenghui;DONG Xinghao;LIU Jian;WANG Huaqian(State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130011,China;State Grid Beijing Changping Power Supply Branch,Beijing 102200,China)
出处
《华北电力大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第3期67-74,共8页
Journal of North China Electric Power University：Natural Science Edition
