摘要
苏南乡村是我国乡村发展的先行区,具有复杂的水网空间特征,呈现出一定的地域特殊性。随着城镇化进程的加速,乡村水域网络破碎化、乡村生态风险增加等问题凸显。以苏州昆山长白荡片区为例,利用景观格局指数法、克里金插值法和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,通过景观干扰度分析、景观脆弱度分析,构建景观生态风险评价模型。在风险评价结果的基础上,基于韧性的适应性、冗余性、鲁棒性特征,从构建抗干扰性生态网络、重组多情景功能分区和完善自适应循环体系三个层面提出苏南水网乡村韧性规划策略,为水网乡村的可持续发展提供新的思路。
Rural areas in the south of Jiangsu are the pilot zones of rural development in China. These regions have unique regional features due to the complex spatial features of their water networks. As the urbanization accelerates, problems such as fragmentation of rural water networks and increased rural ecological risk become prominent. In this research, a case study was conducted on the Changbaidang area of Kunshan, Suzhou. A landscape ecological risk assessment model was built and used to scientifically predict the rural ecological risk. Based on the results, a resilient planning strategy that can positively manage the interference and risk was explored.Using the GIS platform and Fragstats software, a landscape ecological risk assessment model was built using the landscape pattern index method and Kriging method. Firstly, the Changbaidang area was divided into 4km×4km square grids with the equal-spacing sampling method and the center point of the grid was used as the ecological risk value of the sample plot. Secondly, the landscape disturbance index and landscape vulnerability index were analyzed through the landscape pattern index method, and a landscape ecological risk assessment model was built. Next, spatial interpolation of the ecological risk index was performed using the Kriging method and the spatial distribution of landscape ecological risks was graded by the natural discontinuity point method, thus developing the spatial distribution map of ecological risks in the study area. The study area was divided into five levels: I-low ecological risk area(0.0217 ≤ ERI ≤ 0.185), IIrelatively low ecological risk area(0.185 ≤ ERI ≤ 0.315), Ⅲ-moderate ecological risk area(0.315 ≤ ERI ≤ 0.483), IV-relatively high ecological risk area(0.483 ≤ ERI ≤ 0.836) and V-high ecological risk area(0.836 ≤ ERI ≤ 1.407). The results demonstrated that the ecological risk in Changbaidang is generally high in northeast regions, but low in southwest regions. High-risk areas are concentrated in Chenmudang,Limin Village, and Qiandengpu. These areas are significantly impacted by the external world and the ecological risks are relatively high.Moderate-risk areas are concentrated in Wujiagang on the northern region of the study area and Gemutan, Linjiabang, and Hongxia Village in the center. Low-risk areas have the most extensive distribution and are concentrated in Mingjingdang, Changbaidang, Bailian Lake, and Gaoyong Village. These regions are least impacted by the external world and have the lowest ecological risks.Some resilience planning strategies were proposed based on the landscape ecological risk assessment.(1) According to adaptive characteristics of resilience, an anti-interference network of "two horizontal, three vertical, and multi-core" was constructed. It strengthens the study area’s ecological interference resistance when facing ecological risks, positively develops ecological service functions,enhances material circulation and energy flow within villages, recognizes problems, mobilizes resources, and recovers corresponding functions in a timely manner.(2) According to the redundancy characteristics of resilience, the thinking mode of multiple scenes was integrated and various demands are met such as disaster control, production and life,ecological protection, leisure, and entertainment. The study area was divided into the core protection area, resilience buffer zone, and comfort development zone according to risk levels.(3) Using the robustness characteristics of resilience, the adaptive circulation system in the study area is perfected, which increases the bearing capacity and resilience of the rural system. Thus, the rural system can maintain normal operations when facing disturbances and improve its self-organization capacity.Based on adaptive, redundancy, and robustness characteristics of resilience, rural resilience planning strategies for water networks in southern Jiangsu Province were proposed in this study by constructing the landscape ecological risk assessment model from perspectives of anti-interference ecological network, recombining multi-scene functional zoning, and perfecting the adaptive circulation system. As a result, a mutually connected and supportive circulation system was formed. The research results provide new ideas for the sustainable development village water networks.
作者
王沁园
丁金华
WANG Qinyuan;DING Jinhua
出处
《南方建筑》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期10-17,共8页
South Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41301191)
空间利益视角下的乡村空间重组与调控机制研究——以苏南地区为例
苏州科技大学教学改革与研究项目(2019JGMK-01)
风景园林专业生态课程链思政教育教学研究与实践
2021年江苏省研究生科研创新计划项目(KYCX21_3056)
基于生态风险评价的苏南水网乡村韧性规划策略研究
苏州科技大学风景园林学学科项目共同资助。
关键词
景观生态风险评价
韧性规划
水网乡村
生态格局
landscape ecological risk assessment
toughness planning
south Jiangsu villages in water networks
ecological pattern
