摘要
目的了解福建省不同区域8~10岁儿童及孕妇尿碘、盐碘、甲状腺结节间的相关关系,初步探讨甲状腺疾病的影响因素。方法2019年9-11月采用横断面研究方法,选择福建省东山县和平潭县作为调查点。根据纳入标准,在东山县选择孕妇140名、8~10岁儿童270名,在平潭县选择孕妇189名、8~10岁儿童368名。采集调查对象随机尿样、家中食用盐盐样测定碘含量,并对各人群进行碘营养评价;采用B型超声诊断仪进行甲状腺检查,同时进行甲状腺疾病问卷调查。分析不同区域8~10岁儿童及孕妇尿碘、盐碘、甲状腺结节间的相关关系。结果不同性别(男:151.30μg/L、女:130.30μg/L),区域(东山县:160.30μg/L、平潭县:129.70μg/L)儿童尿碘中位数比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);不同年龄(8、9、10岁:141.60、128.05、150.30μg/L)儿童尿碘中位数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。孕妇总体尿碘中位数为119.30μg/L,不同孕期、区域孕妇尿碘中位数比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。儿童、孕妇盐碘中位数分别为20.30和23.65 mg/kg。儿童尿碘与盐碘呈正相关(r=0.13,P<0.05),孕妇尿碘与盐碘未见相关关系(P>0.05)。儿童甲状腺结节检出率为21.79%(139/638),不同年龄儿童甲状腺结节检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);孕妇甲状腺结节检出率为4.26%(14/329)。儿童和孕妇甲状腺结节检出率与尿碘、盐碘均未见相关关系(P均>0.05)。两地儿童甲状腺容积均处于正常值范围内,甲状腺容积与尿碘、盐碘均未见相关关系(P均>0.05)。结论东山县和平潭县儿童碘营养均适宜(尿碘中位数100~199μg/L),孕妇均存在碘不足(尿碘中位数<150μg/L)。儿童尿碘与盐碘相关,尿碘随着盐碘的升高而升高。不同年龄儿童甲状腺结节患病情况不同,需要进一步研究求证。儿童和孕妇甲状腺结节检出率与尿碘、盐碘均不相关。
Objective To understand the correlation between urinary iodine,salt iodine and thyroid nodules in children aged 8-10 years and pregnant women in different regions of Fujian Province,and to explore the influencing factors of thyroid diseases.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dongshan County and Pingtan County of Fujian Province from September to November 2019.According to the inclusion criteria,140 pregnant women and 270 children aged 8-10 years were selected in Dongshan County,and 189 pregnant women and 368 children aged 8-10 years were selected in Pingtan County.Random urine and edible salt samples were collected to determine iodine content,and iodine nutrition was evaluated in each population.Thyroid was examined by B ultrasound and questionnaire survey of thyroid diseases was carried out.The correlation between urinary iodine,salt iodine and thyroid nodules in children aged 8-10 years and pregnant women in different regions was analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in the median urinary iodine among children in different genders(male:151.30μg/L,female:130.30μg/L)and regions(Dongshan County:160.30μg/L,Pingtan County:129.70μg/L,P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the median urinary iodine among children of different ages(8,9,10 years old:141.60,128.05,150.30μg/L,P>0.05).The median urinary iodine among pregnant women was 119.30μg/L,and there was no significant difference in median urinary iodine among pregnant women in different stages and regions(P>0.05).The medians of salt iodine from children and pregnant women were 20.30 and 23.65 mg/kg,respectively.Urinary iodine in children was positively correlated with salt iodine(r=0.13,P<0.05).However,there was no correlation between urinary iodine and salt iodine in pregnant women(P>0.05).The detection rate of thyroid nodules in children was 21.79%(139/638).There was significant difference in the detection rate of thyroid nodules in children of different ages(P<0.05).The detection rate of thyroid nodules in pregnant women was 4.26%(14/329).There was no correlation between detection rate of thyroid nodules and urinary iodine or salt iodine in children and pregnant women(P>0.05).Thyroid volume of children in the two counties was within the normal range,and there was no correlation between thyroid volume and urinary iodine or salt iodine(P>0.05).Conclusions The iodine nutrition of children in Dongshan County and Pingtan County is suitable(100-199μg/L),while iodine deficiency(<150μg/L)exists in pregnant women.Urinary iodine in children is related to salt iodine,and urinary iodine increased with increase of salt iodine.The prevalence of thyroid nodules in children of different ages is different,which requires further study.The detection rate of thyroid nodules in children and pregnant women is not correlated with urinary iodine and salt iodine.
作者
王木华
蔡昕仪
陈志辉
陈迪群
王丽金
郑欣怡
吴佳妮
兰莺
吴晓燕
何萌
Wang Muhua;Cai Xinyi;Chen Zhihui;Chen Diqun;Wang Lijin;Zheng Xinyi;Wu Jiani;Lan Ying;Wu Xiaoyan;He Meng(Department of Endemic Disease,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350001,China;School of Public Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350004,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第3期209-215,共7页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
福建省科技厅自然科学基金(2018J01120)
2019年福建省科技创新平台建设项目(2019Y2001)。
关键词
尿
碘
盐类
甲状腺结节
甲状腺容积
Urine
Iodine
Salts
Thyroid nodule
Thyroid volume
