摘要
随着食盐加碘防治碘缺乏病措施的有效落实,孕妇重度碘缺乏已较罕见,但由于自然环境碘缺乏状况难以改变,加之膳食中碘摄入量不足以满足孕期碘营养需求,孕妇妊娠期轻或中度碘缺乏现象仍常有发生,并可能会对其子代神经系统发育产生不良影响。同时,孕妇碘摄入过量对子代神经系统发育的影响也不容忽视。此外,若孕妇甲状腺功能失调引起甲状腺功能障碍甚至激素分泌紊乱,无法满足胎儿生长发育的需求,同样会影响子代的神经系统功能。本文归纳并总结了近年来妊娠期母体轻至中度碘缺乏、碘过量、甲状腺功能异常及甲状腺激素治疗对子代神经发育影响的人群研究,并对动物摄碘相关实验的机制研究进行梳理,旨在为今后碘缺乏病的"精准防治"提供科学依据。
With the effective implementation of universal salt iodization measures to prevent iodine deficiency disorders,severe iodine deficiency in pregnant women has been rare.However,due to the difficulty in changing the state of iodine deficiency in natural environment and insufficient iodine intake in diet to meet the iodine nutritional needs during pregnancy,mild or moderate iodine deficiency in pregnancy still occurs frequently,and may have adverse effects on the development of nervous system of their offspring.At the same time,the effect of excessive iodine intake of pregnant women on the development of nervous system of their offspring can not be ignored.In addition,if the ability of thyroid regulation in pregnant women is out of balance that leads to thyroid dysfunction and even hormone secretion disorder,which can not meet the needs of fetal growth and development,it may also affect the nervous system function of their offspring.This paper summarizes the human population studies in recent years:the effects of maternal mild to moderate iodine deficiency,iodine excess,abnormal thyroid function and thyroid hormone treatment on neuro development of offspring,and the mechanism of corresponding animal iodine related exposure experiments,in order to provide scientific basis for"precise prevention and treatment"of iodine deficiency disorders in the future.
作者
王思涵
范丽珺
孙殿军
Wang Sihan;Fan Lijun;Sun Dianjun(Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology,National Health Commission,Center for Endemic Disease Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第4期335-340,共6页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金(TD2019H001)。
关键词
妊娠期
碘营养
甲状腺
神经发育
Pregnancy
Iodine nutrition
Thyroid
Neurodevelopment
