摘要
近年来,含氮消毒副产物(N-DBPs)由于其高遗传毒性和细胞毒性而被人们广泛认识,多个国家或组织都已将典型N-DBPs卤乙腈(HANs)和亚硝胺类(NAs)纳入饮用水水质标准。从饮用水水质标准的发展历程来看,HANs的管控越来越严格,种类从1993年仅有二氯乙腈(DCAN)1种,到2021年增加为DCAN、二溴乙腈(DBAN)和三氯乙腈(TCAN)3种。而NAs的管控主要集中在N-亚硝基二甲胺(NDMA),各国家和组织的限值差别较大。而我国现行的《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)中未对HANs和NAs进行规定。在我国典型城市饮用水中均检测到HANs和NAs。HANs的浓度水平在ND~39.2μg/L,较美国(3~14μg/L)、苏格兰(0.49~4.09μg/L)等处于一个较高的浓度水平。而对NAs的调查发现,检出率最高的是NDMA、NDEA和NDBA 3种物质,其中浓度最高的NDMA为ND~65.96 ng/L。因此,我国饮用水中HANs和NAs不容忽视,今后需通过保护水源减少前驱物,或优化消毒处理工艺减少饮用水中的HANs和NAs,提高饮用水水质。
In recent years,nitrogen-containing disinfection byproducts(N-DBPs)have been widely recognized for their high genotoxicity and cytotoxicity,many countries or organizations have classified the typical N-DBPs haloacetonitriles(HANs)and nitrosamines(NAs)included in drink ing water quality standards.Judging from the development history of drinking water quality standards»the control of HANs has become more and more strict.The types of HANs have increased from only dichloroacetonitrile(DCAN)in 1993 to DCAN,dibromoacetonitrile(DBAN)and trichloroacetate(TCAN)in 2021.The control of NAs is mainly concentrated on N-nitrosodimethyl-amine(NDMA).and the limit values of various countries and organizations are quite different.However,our country s current Drinking water sanitation standard(GB 5749-2006)does not stipulate HANs and NAs.Both HANs and NAs were detected in drinking water of typical cities in my country.The concentration level of HANs was ND〜39.2μg/L,which was higher than that in the United States(3〜14μg/L)and Scotland(0.49〜4.09μg/L).The investigation of NAs found that NDMA.NDEA and NDBA had the highest detection rate.The highest concentration of ND-MA was ND〜65.96 ng/L.Therefore,HANs and NAs in drinking water in China cannot be ignored.In the future,it is necessary to protect water sources to reduce precursors or optimize disinfection treatment processes to reduce HANs and NAs in drinking water and improve drinking water quality.
作者
唐凤霞
李婉婷
朱延平
马春燕
TANG Fengxia;LI Wanting;ZHU Yanping;MA Chunyan(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)
出处
《给水排水》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期151-158,共8页
Water & Wastewater Engineering
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232021G-04)。
关键词
含氮消毒副产物
饮用水
水质标准
浓度分布
Nitrogenous disinfection byproducts
Drinking water
Water quality standards
Concentration distribution
