摘要
目的分析2018-2020年天津市河西区疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,以期为疫苗安全使用提供科学依据。方法通过中国AEFI信息管理系统收集天津市河西区2018-2020年发生的AEFI个案数据,通过天津市免疫规划信息管理系统收集2018-2020年度各类疫苗的接种数据,分析AEFI分类情况,以及AEFI时间、年龄、疫苗、临床诊断分布情况。结果2018-2020年天津市河西区报告AEFI个案360例,其中一般反应344例,异常反应10例,偶合症6例,报告发生率为61.43/10万剂次;第一、二、三季度AEFI报告发生率均高于第四季度(P<0.05);≤1岁AEFI报告病例最多,其中以8月龄患儿居多;AEFI病例主要集中在接种疫苗后0~1 d,占全部病例的79.72%;涉及31种疫苗,其中报告发生率居前3位的疫苗为麻风疫苗、麻疹疫苗、AC-Hib三联疫苗,而报告例数居前3位的疫苗为百白破(无细胞)疫苗、水痘疫苗、麻风疫苗;临床诊断以发热/红肿/硬结为主的一般反应占97.22%,以过敏性皮疹为主的异常反应占1.67%。结论2018-2020年天津市河西区AEFI报告发生率较低,AEFI监测体统运转正常,疫苗安全性较好,但仍要加大AEFI培训力度,提高与家长的沟通能力和反应处理水平,以减少负面影响。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Hexi District of Tianjin from 2018 to 2020,so as to provide scientific basis for safe use of vaccines.Methods The data of AEFI cases in Hexi District of Tianjin from 2018 to 2020 were collected by China AEFI information management system,and the vaccination data of various vaccines from 2018 to 2020 were collected by Tianjin immunization planning information management system.The classification of AEFI,and the distribution of AEFI time,age,vaccine and clinical diagnosis were analyzed.Results A total of 360 AEFI cases were reported in Hexi District of Tianjin from 2018-2020,which included 344 cases of general reaction,10 cases of abnormal reaction and 6 accidental case,and the incidence rate of AEFI reported was 61.43 per 100000 doses.The reported incidence of AEFI in the first,second and third quarters was higher than that in the fourth quarter(P<0.05).Most AEFI cases were reported under 1 year old,and most of them were children aged 8 months.AEFI cases were mainly concentrated in 0-1 days after vaccination,accounting for 79.72%of all cases;among the 31 vaccines involved,the top three reported cases were leprosy vaccine,measles vaccine and AC-Hib triple vaccine,while the top three reported cases were tetanus(acellular)vaccine,varicella vaccine and leprosy vaccine;clinical diagnosis of fever/swelling/induration-based general reaction accounted for 97.22%,allergic rash-based abnormal reaction accounted for 1.67%.Conclusion The incidence of AEFI in Hexi District of Tianjin from 2018 to 2020 is low,the AEFI monitoring system runs normally,and the vaccine safety is good.However,it is still necessary to strengthen the training of AEFI,improve the communication ability with parents and the level of response processing,so as to reduce the negative impact.
作者
艾聪
马扬
AI Cong;MA Yang(Department of Immune Programming,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Hexi District,Tianjin 300211,China)
出处
《医学信息》
2022年第11期12-15,共4页
Journal of Medical Information
关键词
疑似预防接种异常反应
心因性反应
异常反应
Adverse events following immunization
Psychogenic reaction
Abnormal reaction
