摘要
为解决有机肥流动性差、机械抛撒难的问题,基于自制的卧式有机肥撒施机,建立了有机肥在抛撒过程中的运动模型,分析了影响抛撒均匀度的主要因素;采用SolidWorks软件建立了有机肥和卧式有机肥撒施机的三维模型,运用EDEM软件以输肥速比(作业速度与刮板输肥速度比值)、抛撒辊转速、螺旋叶片螺距为试验因素进行了响应面设计试验;采用Design-Expert 8.0.5软件优化了作业参数,并进行仿真试验验证和田间试验验证。仿真结果表明:影响抛撒均匀度横向变异系数的主次顺序为螺旋叶片螺距>抛撒辊转速>输肥速比;当输肥速比为-16.42、抛撒辊转速为557.90 r min、螺旋叶片螺距为365.40 mm时,抛撒均匀度横向变异系数为14%,仿真验证值与预测值误差≤5%,响应面模型合理。田间试验表明,当输肥速比为-16.6、抛撒辊转速为560 r min、螺旋叶片螺距为360 mm时,抛撒均匀度横向变异系数为14.5%,与EDEM仿真值误差≤5%,满足有机肥撒施机的田间作业标准,仿真模型及优化参数合理。该研究可为有机肥撒施机的优化设计及抛撒性能提升提供参考。
In order to solve problems of poor fluidity and difficulty of mechanical distribution of organic fertilizer,movement model of organic fertilizer in process of distribution was established based on horizontal distribution machine of organic fertilizer made by ourselves,and main factors affecting distribution uniformity were analyzed.SolidWorks software was used to establish three-dimensional models of organic fertilizer and horizontal organic fertilizer spreading machine.EDEM software was used to carry out response surface design experiments with fertilizer feeding speed ratio(operation speed and scraper speed ratio),scattering roller speed and spiral blade pitch as test factors.Design-Expert 8.0.5 software was used to optimize operation parameters,and simulation test and field test were carried out to verify operation parameters.Simulation results showed that the primary and secondary order of affecting lateral variation coefficient of scattering uniformity was as follows:pitch of spiral blade,rotation speed of scattering roller and speed ratio of fertilizer delivery.When fertilizer rate was-16.42,rotation speed of spreading roller was 557.90 r min,and pitch of spiral blade was 365.40 mm,lateral variation coefficient of spreading uniformity was 14%,and error between verified value and predicted value was less than 5%,indicating that response surface model was reasonable.Field experiment showed that when fertilizer speed ratio was-16.6 rotation speed of spout roller was 560 r min,and pitch of spiral blade was 360 mm,lateral variation coefficient of spout uniformity was 14.5%,and error was less than 5%with simulation value of EDEM,which met field operation standard of organic fertilizer spout machine,and simulation model and optimization parameters were reasonable.This study could provide a reference for optimization design and performance improvement of organic fertilizer spreader.
作者
李浪
崔清亮
张燕青
侯华铭
熙鹏
郝程
LI Lang;CUI Qingliang;ZHANG Yanqing;HOU Huaming;XI Peng;HAO Cheng(College of Agricultural Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong Shanxi 030801,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong Shanxi 030801,China)
出处
《农业工程》
2022年第3期88-94,共7页
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
基金
山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D211002)。
关键词
有机肥撒施机
有机肥
抛撒均匀度
仿真试验
organic fertilizer spreading machine
organic fertilizer
scattering uniformity
simulation test
