摘要
营造舒适健康室内热环境,提升建筑环境品质,满足人们对美好生活的追求,同时尽可能实现建筑节能减碳,是建筑绿色低碳发展的必然要求。如何确定室内热环境舒适区间,保障人员健康安全的室内热环境如何设计,由于传统热环境设计和舒适评价主要依靠主观问卷,缺少科学量化的回答,尤其是一直欠缺对人体热舒适和人员热健康的客观度量。笔者及其课题组从建筑室内热环境绿色营造的工程问题出发,通过选择表征人体热舒适敏感的生理指标,实现人体热舒适从主观评价到科学度量的根本转变,解决了人体热舒适客观度量的科学问题;进而引入分子生物学研究手段和生化指标测量,探索了温度敏感瞬时受体通道Thermo-TRP(thermal sensitive transient receptor potential)在不同温度暴露下的激活和响应特性,确定了人体舒适温度区间和健康安全阈值。人体生理热调节是营造室内舒适健康热环境的基础,而分子生物学从微观层面揭示机体调节机理,两者的有机结合可以弥补建筑环境中对人体热舒适机理认识不足和热环境参数设计健康安全阈值不明确的不足,为建筑环境领域引入学科交叉研究方法、应用基础科学成果解决实际工程问题提供新的研究思路和案例示范。
Improving the health and comfort of building environments and achieving energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction without compromising the quality of the living environments is an inevitable requirement for the development of energy efficient and intelligent buildings in the future.However,how to define a comfortable environment and how to design parameters to ensure the people health and safety in indoors,relying only on the traditional subjective thermal comfort evaluation in buildings is not sufficient.Starting from the engineering problems,the study provides a scientific method for quantifying human thermal comfort based on large sample measurements on human sensitive physiological indices.Through introducing the molecular biological research and exploring the thermal sensitive Thermo-TRP channels,the study answers the engineering questions of comfort zone and safety thresholds.Understanding the physiological and thermal regulation of human body is the basis for the creation of indoor thermal environments,while molecular biology provides the molecular mechanism of temperature sensation at the micro level.This work is of benefit to understanding mechanism and design parameter in engineering practice and application.It provides a new insight and better basis for introducing interdisciplinary research methods into the field of building environment and applying basic scientific achievements to solve practical engineering problems.
作者
李百战
姚润明
杜晨秋
刘红
杨旭
喻伟
Li Baizhan;Yao Runming;Du Chenqiu;Liu Hong;Yang Xu;Yu Wei(Chongqing University,Chongqing;Central China Normal University,Wuhan)
出处
《暖通空调》
2022年第5期61-67,共7页
Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51908079)
重庆市自然科学基金项目(编号:cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0156)。
