摘要
中小学教师工作负担过重,既损耗教师内在的生命活力,又影响学校整体教育质量乃至教育组织系统的健康发展。以整体和系统的视角来剖析教师过重工作负担与教育系统内外部诸因素之间的复杂关系,可以发现,由于教师的工作负荷沉重、工作时间过长、工作形式繁杂以及由此带来的负面工作情绪等,导致教师生命系统失衡,偏离教书育人的使命。追溯其根源,既有内生性的教师多重角色与学习匮乏的冲撞,也有外源性的学校效益和考评压力、行政部门干扰专业自主以及家长短期过高的功利性期望。国家相关部门应系统施策,创建多元支持体系、优化考核评价机制、明晰育人主业主责以及推动家校社整体联动,以实现教师减负的真正落地和教育系统的全面更新。
The heavy workload of primary and secondary school teachers not only depletes the internal vitality of teachers, but also affects the overall educational quality of the school and the healthy development of the educational organization system. By analyzing the complex relationship between teachers’ excessive workload and various internal and external factors of the education system from a holistic and systematic perspective, it can be found that due to teachers’ heavy workload, long working hours, complex work forms and the resulting negative work emotions, the life system of teachers is unbalanced and deviates from the mission of impart knowledge and educate people. Tracing back to its roots, there are not only endogenous collision between multiple roles of teachers and lack of learning, but also exogenous school benefits and evaluation pressure, administrative interference with professional autonomy, and parents’ short-term high utilitarian expectations. Relevant national departments shall implement policies systematically, create a diversified support system, optimize the assessment and evaluation mechanism, clarify the main responsibility of education and promote the overall linkage of home, school and society, so as to realize the real implementation of teachers’ burden reduction and the renewal of the education system.
作者
张家军
陈苗
Zhang Jiajun;Chen Miao
出处
《南京社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期143-152,共10页
Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences
基金
国家社科基金教育学一般项目“中小学教师减负的效果测度与治理长效机制研究”(BHA200150)的阶段性成果。
关键词
减负
教师减负
系统思维
行动路径
alleviate excessive burden
reducing teachers’burden
systematic thinking
action path
