摘要
通过对近20 a部分主要相关文献的应用参考,总结了以水稻为主的秸秆机械化还田技术的发展历史、主要还田技术和较典型还田农机具,并对近些年来的研究热点“秸秆腐熟剂”进行了概述,阐明其作用机理、应用情况。指出未来研究中应该更加关注水稻秸秆还田技术与腐熟剂的合理结合应用,根据土壤环境与秸秆特性,选择适合的作业模式与还田机相结合,以促进机械化农业发展。认为秸秆机械化还田技术应继续坚持以联合作业机为主要机具的研究发展方向,达到“一机多能”的功效;刀具设计、切割方式及堆埋方式等是还田机设计的主要考虑部分;关于秸秆腐熟剂的应用也有相当的研究空间,例如腐解剂施放方式、腐解深度、与传统还田机械的配合、不同秸秆腐熟剂对应的秸秆应如何切割粉碎铺盖以达到最佳的腐解效果等。
Based on the reference of main relevant literature in recent 20 years,this paper has introduced the history and main types of mechanized straw-returing technology,and typical returning machinery and tools.At the same time,it has given an overview of the recent research hotspot"straw-decomposing agents",briefly elaborating the action mechanism and application.It has pointed out,in the future research,more attention should be paid to the reasonable combination of rice straw-returning technology and decomposing agents,and suitable operation modes should be combined with returning machine according to soil environment and straw characteristics in order to achieve the goal of mechanized agriculture development.The future of the mechanized straw-returing technology should insist on the research and development of the combined machine as the main agricultural implement to achieve the goal of"multi-function of one machine";the major design consideration of straw-returing machine will mainly focus on cutter design,cutting method,stacking method and so on;there is also considerable research space for the application of straw-decomposing agents such as releasing modes of decomposing agents,decomposing degree,the coordination with traditional returning machinery,and straw-cutting and-crushing ways adaptive to different straw-decomposing agents to achieve the best decomposing effect.
作者
徐枫林
孙超然
颜瑾昱
邓彬
李军政
XU Feng-lin;SUN Chao-ran;YAN Jin-yu;DENG Bin;LI Jun-zheng(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan Agriculture University,Changsha 410125,PRC)
出处
《湖南农业科学》
2022年第5期101-106,共6页
Hunan Agricultural Sciences
基金
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202010007)
湖南省重点研发项目(2019NK2141)
湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30327)。
关键词
水稻
秸秆还田
还田机
秸秆腐熟剂
综述
rice
straw returing
straw-returing machine
straw-decomposing agent
review
