摘要
大量电力电子设备接入电力系统给电磁暂态实时仿真技术带来了巨大的挑战。文中从多个角度对电力电子设备和含电力电子设备电力系统实时仿真领域近年来的研究成果进行了综述。在应用场景和利用范式方面,除了硬件在环测试等对仿真实时性具有严格要求的场景,实时仿真还被用于其他单纯对仿真效率有较高要求的场景。在建模与仿真方法方面,无论是基于分立元件的建模仿真,还是基于端口特性或电路等值的电力电子设备建模仿真,都有商业化应用的案例,但如何兼顾高频、复杂设备实时仿真的效率和精度仍是当前研究的热点与难点。在实时仿真硬件平台方面,现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)和图像处理单元(GPU)等具有天然硬件并行性的计算芯片成为除CPU之外的重要选择,特别是FPGA正被越来越多的商业化平台所采用,但所用仿真算法大多基于传统框架,尚未能充分发挥FPGA的硬件架构优势。此外,电力电子设备和含电力电子设备电力系统实时仿真的算法并行性、强刚性与数值稳定性问题仍具有巨大的研究空间。
The integration of a large amount of power electronic devices into the power system brings great challenges to the technologies of electromagnetic transient real-time simulation.The recent research achievements in the field of real-time simulation of power electronic devices and power system integrated with power electronic devices are reviewed from multiple perspectives.In terms of application scenarios and utilization paradigms,the real-time simulation has been used in the hardware-in-the-loop test which requires strict synchronization with real-world time,and in other scenarios which simply require high efficiency.In terms of modeling and simulation methods,there are many commercial application cases,no matter the modeling and simulation based on the individual component,or the power electronic device modeling and simulation based on port characteristics or circuit equivalences.However,how to balance the efficiency and accuracy in the real-time simulation of the high-frequency and complex devices is still a hot and difficult point of current research.In terms of the real-time simulation hardware platform,computing chips with natural hardware parallelism,such as field programmable gate array(FPGA)and graphic processing unit(GPU),have become important choices other than CPUs.In particular,FPGAs are being increasingly used by commercial platforms,but most of the simulation algorithms are based on traditional frameworks,and the advantages in hardware architecture of FPGA have not been fully exploited.In addition,the problems of algorithm parallelism,strong stiffness and numerical stability in the real-time simulation of power electronic devices and power system integrated with power electronic devices still need to be further studied.
作者
徐晋
汪可友
李国杰
XU Jin;WANG Keyou;LI Guojie(Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion,Ministry of Education(Shanghai Jiao Tong University),Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《电力系统自动化》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期3-17,共15页
Automation of Electric Power Systems
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52107113)。
关键词
电力电子
电力系统
电磁暂态仿真
实时仿真
power electronics
power system
electromagnetic transient simulation
real-time simulation
