摘要
以防火板砂光粉废料为原料,经水热预抽提处理并掺杂三羟甲基氧化磷(THPO),合成了具有高效阻燃性能的磷氮异元素掺杂碳量子点(N,P@CDs)新型阻燃剂,并采用真空浸渍法对杉木进行阻燃处理,结合红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电镜和锥形量热等进行测试分析。结果表明:不同阻燃处理的木材氧指数均有所提高,其中N,P@CDs阻燃处理木材效果最显著,氧指数高达40.8%,较未阻燃处理的木材氧指数提高79.7%。锥形量热实验表明:第1个热释放速率峰值降低30.4%,且第2个热释放速率峰值出现时间延后25 s,6和10 min的总热释放量显著降低31.7%和30.3%,N,P@CDs受热能催化木材表面脱水成炭,同时分解释放含氮小分子等不燃气体,使热解反应在较低温度发生,促使木材产生较多残炭。扫描电镜及能谱表明:N,P@CDs含有丰富的氮和磷元素,能够在木材中相对均匀分布且阻燃处理并不会改变木材天然的多孔结构。与其他常见阻燃处理会降低木材强度相比,N,P@CDs处理木材的力学强度提高12.8%,且阻燃剂具有一定的抗流失性。具有阻燃、力学增强及抗流失等优良性能的N,P@CDs成功制备,对于开发新型阻燃木质功能材料意义重大。
Carbon dots(CDs) is a new type of carbon nanomaterials with excellent optical performance,quantum effect,low cost and environmentally friendly,which is widely used in the field of functional materials such as fluorescent display,bio-sensing,and target enhancement.In this research,the innovative and high-efficiency flame retardant doping carbon dots(N,P@CDs) were synthesized using sanding dust extraction of high pressure laminates(HPL) as a carbon-based raw material and tris(hydroxymethyl) phosphine oxide(THPO) as a phosphorus donor.The obtained N,P@CDs were subsequently applied to Chinese fir with vacuum impregnation.The results indicated that the limiting oxygen indexes(LOI) of the functional wood samples with different flame retardant treatments were increased.Among all the flame retardant fir panels,the LOI of wood treated with N,P@CDs had the most significant flame retardant effect with an improvement of 40.8%,which was 79.7% higher than that of wood without the flame retardant treatment.The cone calorimeter(CONE) experiment showed that the first peak of heat release rate(HRR) was reduced by 30.4% and the second HRR peak appeared 25 s later than that of the control group.The total heat releases(THR) of N,P@CDs functional wood samples at 6 min and 10 min were significantly reduced by 31.7% and 30.3%,respectively.N,P@CDs can catalyze the dehydration and carbonization of wood surface and release incombustible gases such as nitrogen-containing molecules,which led to the lower temperature of degradation and promotion of the formation of residual carbon of wood.The scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy spectra showed that the N,P@CDs flame retardants were rich in nitrogen and phosphorus elements,which were relatively uniformly distributed in the wood skeleton without change of the natural porous structure of wood.Compared with other common flame retardant wood samples,the mechanical strength of N,P@CDs functional wood was slightly increased by 12.8%.Furthermore,the N,P@CDs flame retardant has a relative good leaching resistance in dipping water for long time.The successful synthesis of N,P@CDs with excellent flame retardant,mechanical enhancement and anti-release properties would be greatly beneficial to the development of high performance wood materials.
作者
张龙飞
汪腾
王雅梅
陈志林
朱平
ZHANG Longfei;WANG Teng;WANG Yamei;CHEN Zhilin;ZHU Ping(Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Materials Science and Art and Design,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010000,China;Zhejiang Ruixin Decoration Material Co.Ltd.,Jiaxing 314400,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期31-39,共9页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
国家自然科学青年基金(32001261)
国家林业和草原局植物纤维功能材料重点实验室开放基金(2019KFJJ13)。
关键词
碳量子点
掺杂
阻燃
杉木
抽提物
carbon dots(CDs)
doping
flame retardant
Cunninghamia lanceolata
extractions
