摘要
分簇路由协议能够显著提升网络的扩展性和稳定性,是保证数据信息高效共享的一种有效手段。结合高速公路主线平曲线路段中车流行驶方向固定的特点,引入固定簇模型并设计了以交通流状态参数和车辆可信度参数为基础的车辆节点适用性评估算法,提出一种基于节点适用性的高速公路车联网分簇路由协议。针对车辆可信度参数设计了一种具备身份认证的高速公路车联网安全通信架构,引入第三方可信通信实体并给出不同通信实体间的身份认证过程;结合车辆节点在固定簇通信范围内的位置距离参数和簇内节点间的相对速度参数,引入车辆节点适用性评估算法并给出基于该算法的簇头选择策略FBCHSS。然后,借助仿真平台Veins,以具备两个路侧设备、单向双车道的高速公路为仿真场景,对不同恶意节点数条件下3种基于不同簇头选择方案的路由协议的网络安全指标进行了评价。结果表明:随着恶意节点数目的增多,相比MMZ和HQCA,FBCHSS具有明显更高的丢包率。同时,对不同车流密度条件下3种路由协议和经典算法AODV的通信性能开展对比和研究。结果表明:(1)车辆节点行驶速度处于80~120 km/h范围内时,对比MMZ,HQCA和AODV这3种协议,FBCHSS表现出更低的延时、更高的吞吐量和数据包投递率,服务质量评价指标较高;(2)随着车流密度的逐步增大,相比MMZ和HQCA,FBCHSS始终保持固定的簇数量,表现出更高的分簇效率和传输效率,并具有更低的系统网络开销。
Cluster routing protocol can significantly improve the network scalability and stability,and is an effective means to ensure efficient data sharing.Combining with the characteristics of the fixed direction of traffic flow in the flat curve section of the main line of expressway,by introducing a fixed cluster model,a vehicle node fitness evaluation algorithm based on traffic flow state parameters and vehicle reliability parameters is designed,and a cluster routing protocol based on the applicability of vehicle node for expressway is proposed.For vehicle reliability parameters,a secure communication architecture of internet of vehicles on expressway with identity authentication is designed,a third-party trusted entity is introduced and the identity authentication process among different communication entities is given.Combining with the vehicle node location and distance parameters in the fixed cluster communication range and the relative velocity between the vehicle node and the nodes in the cluster,the fitness evaluation algorithm of vehicle nodes is introduced and the cluster head selection strategy FBCHSS based on the algorithm is proposed.Then,using simulation platform Veins,taking a one-way double-lane expressway with 2 roadside units as the simulation scenario,the network security of the 3 routing protocols based on different cluster head selection schemes under different number of malicious nodes are evaluated.The result shows that FBCHSS has significantly lower packet loss rate than MMZ and HQCA with the increase of the number of malicious nodes.Meanwhile,the communication performances of 3 routing protocols and the classical algorithm AODV under different traffic densities are compared and studied.The result shows that(1)when the vehicle node speed is in the range of 80-120 km/h,compared with MMZ,HQCA and AODV,FBCHSS has lower delay,higher throughput and packet delivery rate,and higher service quality evaluation indicator;(2)with the increase of traffic density,as always maintains a fixed number of clusters,FBCHSS shows higher clustering efficiency and transmission efficiency,and lower system network cost compared with MMZ and HQCA.
作者
陆山风
何廷全
周欣
周健
LU Shan-feng;HE Ting-quan;ZHOU Xin;ZHOU Jian(Guangxi New Development Transport Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanning Guangxi 530011,China;National Engineering and Research Center for Mountainous Highways,Chongqing 400067,China;Research and Development Center of Self-driving Technology of Transport Industry,Chongqing 400067,China)
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期108-116,共9页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
基金
国家山区公路工程技术研究中心开放基金项目(GSGZJ-2020-07)
广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB20159032)。
关键词
智能交通
分簇路由
适用性评估算法
簇头选择
安全通信
高速公路
ITS
clustering routing
fitness evaluation algorithm
cluster head selection
secure communication
expressway
