摘要
甲烷是强势的短寿命温室气体。甲烷深度减排是实现巴黎协定1.5℃温控目标的必要手段,也是中国实现“碳中和”目标的重要抓手。相比其他排放源,油气行业的甲烷减排最经济高效。但是仅靠部分企业的自愿减排行动将无法实现全球气候目标。明确减排责任、建立和健全甲烷法规标准体系是实现减排的重要保障和依据。文章以美国为例,概述了联邦《清洁空气法》框架下国家空气质量标准、排放源控排技术绩效标准和大气排污许可证之间的关系,介绍了联邦油气排放源甲烷等大气污染物控排技术绩效标准的发展历程,总结了最新绩效标准提案的重点措施,并对中国未来油气甲烷法规的制定提出了参考建议。
Methane is a potent short-lived greenhouse gas.Deep cut in methane emissions will help avert near-term temperature rise and is necessary to meet the Paris climate goals 1.5℃.Methane abatement also provides an important anchor for China to achieve its carbon neutrality target.Compared with other sectors,reducing methane emissions from the oil and gas sector is the fastest,most cost-effective way to slow the rate of warming today.However,solely relying on industry voluntary initiatives is not enough to realize the global climate target.Establishing accountability and a robust regulatory system is essential to achieve necessary reduction in methane emissions.Taking the United States as an example,this article introduces how air quality standards,emission control performance standards and permitting interact with one another under the Clean Air Act;provides an overview of the development of emission control performance standards for the oil and gas industry,summarizes the key measures in the latest proposed methane regulation,and puts forward recommendations for China’s future oil and gas methane regulation development.
作者
杨罕玲
赵一炜
Yang Hanling;Zhao Yiwei(Environmental Defense Fund New York Office;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control)
出处
《油气田环境保护》
CAS
2022年第3期1-10,共10页
Environmental Protection of Oil & Gas Fields
