摘要
以热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)为基底,以聚磷酸铵(APP)、氰尿酸三聚氰胺(MCA)和硼酸为复合改性剂,制备了一种环保型膨胀阻燃TPU复合材料。通过锥形量热仪和烟密度测试对复合材料的燃烧、抑烟和热稳定情况进行了研究,结果表明:APP/MCA/硼酸阻燃体系可降低复合材料热释放速率峰值(最高降幅达到约80%)和总热释放量,促进了致密炭化层的生成,有效抑制了挥发组分的生成。极限氧指数(LOI)结果表明:阻燃体系提高了LOI;添加质量分数15%APP、2.5%MCA、2.5%硼酸的TPU复合材料的LOI最高,达到了32%,该样品达到了最高的UL-94等级。热重分析结果表明TPU复合材料具有更好的热稳定性。APP、MCA、硼酸对膨胀阻燃TPU复合材料具有抑烟和阻燃的作用。
Environmentally friendly intumescent flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU) composites were prepared using ammonium polyphosphate(APP), melamine cyanurate(MCA) and boric acid as additives. The combustion, smoke suppression and thermal stability of the composites were characterized by a cone calorimeter and smoke density tests. The results show that this flame retardant greatly reduces the peak heat release rate by up to 80% and the total heat release and generates a compact char layer which effectively prevents volatile releases. The limit oxygen index(LOI) results show that this flame retardant increases the LOI. The TPU composites with the mass fraction of 15% APP, 2.5% MCA and 2.5% boric acid have the highest UL-94 level and LOI(32%). In addition, a thermal gravimetric analysis shows that the TPU composites have better thermal stability. APP, MCA and boric acid additives enhance the smoke suppression and flame retardant effects in the intumescent flame retardant TPU composites.
作者
赵小龙
周海涛
周斯琛
方炜
丁旗
ZHAO Xiaolong;ZHOU Haitao;ZHOU Sichen;FANG Wei;DING Qi(Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Human Safety,Hefei Institute for Public Safety Research,Tsinghua University,Hefei 230601,China;Hefei Zezhong City Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230601,China;School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Anhui Architecture University,Hefei 230009,China)
出处
《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1074-1080,共7页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)
基金
安徽省自然科学基金重点项目(2008085UD07)
国家自然科学基金项目(52074163)
安徽省杰出青年自然科学基金资项目(1908085J22)。
关键词
热塑性聚氨酯
膨胀阻燃剂
阻燃性能
抑烟性能
thermoplastic polyurethane
intumescent flame retardant
flame retardancy
smoke suppression performance
