摘要
2020年7—8月,在潦河永(永修)安(安义)段设11个采样点,水深1.5 m以下(S1~S6)和以上(S7~S11)采样点分别采用电捕法(捕捞时长15 min)和刺网(长70 m、高1.5 m、网目1 cm,捕捞时长1 h)捕捞鱼类样本,利用便携式多参数水质分析仪(AP-2000)现场监测各样点的经纬度、海拔、溶解氧、水温等环境因子,以了解该河段鱼类群落的空间分布及与环境关系。本次调查共发现鱼类4目9科34种,以杂食性、底栖、定居性鱼类为主;共采集渔获物399尾、重10.91 kg,鲫(Carassius auratus)为优势种;鱼类群落多样性指数(H)、物种丰富度指数(D)和Pielou均匀度指数(J)分别为2.48、3.55和0.7。聚类分析(Cluster)与无度量多维排序(NMDS)分析将11个采样点的鱼类群落分成A、B两组,相似性分析(ANOSIM)显示,组间差异显著(P<0.05),其中,A组的物种数、个体数、生物量及平均体质量均低于B组,且A组的鱼类群落多样性指数和物种丰富度指数也都低于B组;多度/生物量比较曲线(ABC曲线)分析表明:A、B两组的鱼类群落均受到一定程度的干扰;典范对应分析(CCA)揭示了鱼类群落分布主要受海拔和河宽的影响。
The spatial distribution of fish communities and the relationship with the environment including altitude,dissolved oxygen,water temperature and other environmental factors determined by portable a multi-parameter water quality analyzer(AP-2000)were surveyed in fish samples collected in 11 sampling sites in the basin of Yong'an section of the Liaohe River in Jiangxi province by electric fishing at the water depth of less than 1.5 m for 15 min(S1~S6)and by gillnets(length 70 m,height 1.5 m,and mesh 1 cm for 1 h)at the water depth of over 1.5 m(S7~S11)from July to August 2020 to understand the spatial distribution of fish communities in the river section and the relationship with the environment.A total of 34 fish species from 4 orders and 9 families were found,dominant omnivorous,benthic,and resident species fish;399 individuals were collected,weighing 10.91 kg,and crucian carp Carassius auratus was the dominant species,with Shannon-Wiener index(H)of 2.48,Margalef index(D)of 3.55 and Pielou evenness index(J)of 0.7.Cluster and non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)analysis revealed that the fishes collected in 11 sampling sites in the basin of Yong'an(Anyi)section of the Liaohe River in Jiangxi province were divided into A and B groups.Analysis of similarity statistics(ANOSIM)showed there were significant differences between the groups(P<0.05).Meanwhile,there were less number of species,number of individuals,and biomass and lower average weight were in group A than those in group B,with the lower Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index inf group A than those in group B.Abundance-biomass comparison curve(ABC curve)analysis showed that the fish communities in A and B groups had interference to a certain extent.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)revealed that the distribution of fish communities was mainly affected by altitude and river width.
作者
杨静
史子莫
华杰
占阳
银旭红
刘婧
李云娟
胡茂林
YANG Jing;SHI Zimo;HUA Jie;ZHAN Yang;YIN Xuhong;LIU Jing;LI Yunjuan;HU Maolin(School of Life Sciences,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Jiangxi Fisheries Technology Extension Station,Nanchang 330046,China;Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Anyi County,Nanchang 330500,China)
出处
《水产学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第3期63-72,共10页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31360118,32060271)
江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2020-S016).
