摘要
为解决传统限速器的诸多缺点,提出了一种新型安全钳提拉机构。说明了其结构原理,并通过理论计算分析了相关设计参数。基于SolidWorks和ADAMS平台,搭建了提拉机构虚拟样机,完成了超速115%,自由落体工况下的动力学仿真试验,并分析了触发速度、制动减速度、制动距离、制动弹簧提拉力和楔块制动力的试验结果。设计了6组对照仿真试验,对比分析了机构的关键设计参数对制动特性的影响效果。仿真结果表明:制动过程总体平稳,冲击加速度在人体舒适度范围内,平均制动减速度为5.14 m/s^(2);制动弹簧提拉力对制动减速度和制动距离影呈正相关,且在一定范围内效果显著,二者变化率均呈递减趋势,超出阈值后影响效果显著减弱;电机转矩仅对制动距离有一阶线性递增的影响关系,但对减小制动距离的贡献量极低。研究结果可对相关电梯安全钳提拉设备结构设计提供理论参考。
In this article, in order to solve many shortcomings of traditional speed limiters, a new lifting mechanism with safety gears is proposed. The structure principle is explained, and the related design parameters are analyzed through theoretical calculations. With the help of the SolidWorks and the ADAMS platforms, a virtual prototype of the lifting mechanism is built, and the dynamics simulation test is completed under the conditions of 115% overspeed and free fall, and the analysis is conducted on the results of trigger speed, braking deceleration, braking distance, lifting force of brake spring and braking force of wedge. Six groups of comparative simulation tests are designed and the effect of key design parameters on braking characteristics is analyzed. The simulation results show that the braking process is generally stable, the impact acceleration is within the comfortable range of human bodies, and the average braking deceleration is 5.14 m/s^(2). The lifting force of brake spring has a positive correlation with the braking deceleration and the braking distance, and the effect is significant within a certain range. The changing rate of both shows a decreasing trend, and the effect is significantly weakened after the threshold value exceeds. The motor torque has merely a first-order linear increasing effect on the braking distance, but its contribution to reduction of the braking distance is extremely low. These results provide theoretical reference for structural design of lifting mechanisms with safety gears for some elevators.
作者
王谦
吴晓
李双志
刘钊
裴霞
WANG Qian;WU Xiao;LI Shuang-zhi;LIU Zhao;PEI Xia(Technology and Equipment of Rail Transient Operation and Maintenance Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610036;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610036;Sichaun Special Equipment Inspection Institution,Chengdu 610100)
出处
《机械设计》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期25-33,共9页
Journal of Machine Design
基金
四川省市场监督管理局科技计划项目。
关键词
安全钳
提拉机构
多体动力学
制动特性
提拉力
safety gear
lifting mechanism
multi-body dynamics
braking characteristic
lifting force
