摘要
The shuttle effect caused by soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) deteriorates multiphase transformation reaction kinetics of sulfur species,and gives rise to an unserviceable lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery.Catalysis,as a process optimization approach,offers an option to eliminate the intrinsic issues.However,exploring and understanding the role of catalysts on electrode reaction remains critical bottlenecks,particularly as they are prone to continuous evolution under complex dynamic environment.Herein,platinum nanoparticles loaded on MXene nanosheets,as sulfur host,and the action of catalysts on the reaction process are investigated via ex-situ monitors upon solid–liquid–solid chemical transformation of sulfur species.These traces confirm that the high performance originates from electron transfer between catalysts and LiPSs,which lowers the nucleation barrier from liquid LiPSs to solid Li_(2)S/Li_(2)S_(2).Further,the accelerated liquid–solid conversion can alleviate the accumulation of LiPSs,and boost the reaction kinetics in Li-S batteries.The findings corroborate the electronic modulation between catalysts and LiPSs,which is a generalizable strategy to optimize energy conversion efficiency of Li-S batteries.
基金
the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51932005, 22072164, 22025204, 92034301, 21991153 and 22072090)
the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1807175)
the Research Fund of Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, the Innovation Program of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (2021-01-07-00-02-E00119)
the Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials (Jilin Normal University), Ministry of Education, China (2021002)
the Project of Development and Reform Commission of Jilin Provinve (2019C042-1)。
