摘要
本试验旨在探究抗菌肽对荷斯坦去势奶公牛生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、血液生理指标和经济效益的影响。选取18头10月龄左右、健康状况良好、体重为(351.62±4.69) kg的荷斯坦去势奶公牛,随机分为2个组,每组3个重复,每个重复3头牛。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,抗菌肽组(AP组)在基础饲粮中添加8 g/(d·头)抗菌肽。预试期30 d,正试期270 d,每30 d为1个阶段,共9个(Ⅰ~Ⅸ)阶段。试验Ⅰ、Ⅴ、Ⅸ阶段,静脉采血用于血液生理指标测定;试验结束屠宰后测定屠宰性能、肉品质。结果表明:1) AP组终末体重和平均日增重显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。2)AP组宰前活重、头重、蹄重、净肉重、骨重、净肉率和胴体产肉率显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。3)AP组热胴体重、72 h冷胴体重、胴体后腿宽、皮下脂肪覆盖度和眼肌面积显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。4) AP组高档肉重、优质肉重和优质肉占宰前活重比例显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。AP组肌肉pH和粗脂肪含量显著高于CON组(P<0.05),肌肉水分含量、滴水损失和剪切力显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。5)试验Ⅰ阶段,2组之间血液生理指标没有显著差异(P>0.05);试验Ⅴ阶段,AP组血液平均红细胞体积和平均红细胞血红蛋白含量显著高于CON组(P<0.05);试验Ⅸ阶段,AP组血液红细胞压积和平均红细胞体积显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。6)AP组增重和增重收益显著高于CON组(P<0.05),AP组利润比CON组提高了1 964.42元/头。由此可见,饲粮中添加抗菌肽可提高荷斯坦奶公牛生长性能、屠宰性能和经济效益,改善肉品质,提高机体免疫功能。
The objective of this study was to explore the effect of antimicrobial peptides on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,blood physiological indexes and economic benefit of castrated Holstein dairy bulls. Eighteen 10-month-old healthy castrated Holstein dairy bulls with the body weight of(351.62±4.69)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups with 3 replicates per group and 3 bulls per replicate.Bulls in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,and others in antimicrobial peptides group(AP group)were fed the basal diet supplemented with 8 g/(d·head)antimicrobial peptides. The pre-test period was 30 days,and the trial period was 270 days,every 30 days was a stage,and there were 9 stages(ⅠtoⅨstages). Venous blood was collected at stagesⅠ, ⅤandⅨfor blood physiological indexes measurement;the slaughter performance and meat quality were determined after slaughter at end of test. The result showed as follows:1)the final weight and average daily gain of the AP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05). 2)The live weight,head weight,hoof weight,net meat weight,bone weight,net meat rate and carcass production rate of the AP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05). 3)The hot carcass weight,72 h cold carcass weight,carcass hind legs wide,subcutaneous fat coverage and eye muscle area of the AP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P <0.05). 4)The high-grade meat weight,high-quality meat weight and proportion of high-quality meat to live weight before slaughter of the AP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05). The muscle pH and ether extract content of the AP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05),and the muscle moisture content,drip loss and shear force were significantly lower than those of the CON group(P<0.05). 5)At test stageⅠ,there were no significant differences in blood physiological indexes between 2 groups(P>0.05);at test stageⅤ,the average red blood cell volume and average red blood cell hemoglobin content in blood of the AP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05);at test stageⅨ,the hematocrit and average red blood cell volume in blood of the AP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05). 6)The weight gain and weight gain profits of the AP group were significantly higher than those of the CON group(P<0.05),and the benefit of the AP group was increased by 1 964.42 RMB/head compared with the CON group. In summary,dietary antimicrobial peptides can promote the growth performance,slaughter performance,economic benefits,meat quality and body immune function of Holstein dairy bulls.
作者
孙建祥
李泽民
范凯利
张晓
程强
张照
张瑞
贾莉
史金平
王瑛
马越
雷赵民
SUN Jianxiang;LI Zemin;FAN Kaili;ZHANG Xiao;CHENG Qiang;ZHANG Zhao;ZHANG Rui;JIA Li;SHI Jinping;WANG Ying;MA Yue;LEI Zhaomin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Xukang Foodstuff Co.,Ltd.,Pingliang 744300,China;Gansu Huarui Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Zhangye 734000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期3686-3698,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
甘肃省高校产业支撑项目(2020C-08)
甘肃省教育厅"双一流"科研重点项目(GSSYLXM-02)
甘肃肉牛品质育肥专项(GSAXMLZ-2021-01)
甘肃省现代丝路寒旱农业专项(GSSLCSX-2020-1)
甘肃省科技厅项目(17ZD2NC020)
甘肃现代农业(草食畜)产业技术体系项目(GARS-CS-1)。
关键词
抗菌肽
荷斯坦奶公牛
生长性能
屠宰性能
肉品质
antimicrobial peptides
Holstein dairy bulls
growth performance
slaughter performance
meat quality
