摘要
柔性石墨金属齿形垫以其特殊的结构型式和优异的密封性能越来越多地应用于石化装置法兰密封结构中,并在许多场合逐渐替代了柔性石墨缠绕垫片。采用自主研制的垫片综合性能试验装置,开展柔性石墨金属齿形垫和缠绕垫的压缩回弹和密封性能试验,对比分析了两种类型垫片的压缩回弹曲线、回弹模量以及加载/卸载过程中垫片的泄漏率与垫片表面压力的关系,依据ASTM F3149试验标准测得了两种垫片的预紧比压y和垫片系数m。结果表明:垫片表面压力相对较小时,齿形垫较缠绕垫更易产生压缩变形,但当垫片表面压力超过40 MPa时,齿形垫的压缩曲线出现明显拐点,垫片较难产生压缩变形;两种类型垫片的回弹模量均随垫片初始表面压力的增大而增大,齿形垫的回弹模量要远大于缠绕垫;相同垫片表面压力下,齿形垫的泄漏率低于缠绕垫;推荐的金属齿形垫片的预紧比压y值为40~50 MPa,垫片系数m值为3~4。
Flexible graphite serrated metal gasket is widely used in bolted flange joints of petrochemical plants because of its special structure and excellent sealing performance, and has gradually replaced the spiral wound gasket in many cases.The experimental researches were carried out on compressive resilience and sealing performance of flexible graphite serrated metal gasket and spiral wound gasket by using the self-developed multifunctional gasket test rig.The compressive resilience curves, modulus of elasticity, as well as the relationships between leakage rate and gasket surface pressure during the loading/unloading were analyzed.Besides, the gasket design constants, the yield factor y and maintenance factor m,were tested according to the standard ASTM F3149.The results show that the serrated metal gasket is more likely to be compressed for relatively small gasket surface pressure compared with spiral wound gasket.When the gasket surface pressure exceeds 40 MPa, the compression curve of the serrated gasket has a significant inflection point, and the gasket is more difficult to produce compression deformation.The unloading modulus of elasticity of both two types of gasket increase with increase of the gasket surface pressure, while the modulus of serrated metal gasket is much larger than spiral wound gasket.Under the same gasket surface pressure, the leakage rate of the serrated metal gasket is lower than that of the spiral wound gasket.The recommended yield factor y and maintenance factor m of the flexible graphite serrated metal gasket are 40~50 MPa and 3~4,respectively.
作者
王璐
王冰
薛吉林
陶家辉
WANG Lu;WANG Bing;XUE Jilin;TAO Jiahui(Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230031,China;National Engineering&Technical Research Center on Pressure Vessels and Piping Safety,Hefei 230031,China)
出处
《压力容器》
北大核心
2022年第5期1-7,共7页
Pressure Vessel Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB2008000)
安徽省自然科学基金项目(2008085QE254)
国机集团重大科技专项(SINOMAST-ZDZX-2017-01)。
关键词
金属齿形垫
缠绕垫
压缩回弹性能
密封性能
预紧比压
垫片系数
serrated metal gasket
spiral wound gasket
compression recovery performance
sealing performance
yield factor
maintenance factor
