摘要
目的分析2000—2019年石家庄市百日咳流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法从石家庄市疫情档案和中国传染病信息管理系统收集2000—2019年石家庄市百日咳发病数据,并进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2000—2019年石家庄市共报告百日咳病例833例,无死亡病例,年均报告发病率0.42/10万。2000—2013年发病率呈波动下降趋势,报告发病率从2000年的0.73/10万下降到2013年的0.02/10万,2013年后发病率呈现波动上升趋势,2017年达1.16/10万;流行周期平均3~4年。人群分布以5岁以下儿童为主(占总数的82.23%)。总体发病季节性不明显(总体集中度M=0.24),高发期3月底到10月初。东部县区发病率最高(0.66/10万,χ^(2)=137.66,P<0.01)。2005年以来,以临床诊断病例为主,占92.86%。结论石家庄市百日咳发病呈现周期性,2013年后百日咳报告发病率呈回升趋势,人群分布以5岁以下儿童为主,季节性特征不明显,以东部县区发病率最高。建议探索现有免疫预防策略,在高发地区开展危险因素调查,并提高临床医生对不典型百日咳诊断、报告意识和医疗机构实验室诊断能力。
Objective To provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control of pertussis by analyzing the epidemiologic features of pertussis in Shijiazhuang from 2000 to 2019.Methods The incidence data of pertussis in Shijiazhuang from 2000 to 2019 were collected from Shijiazhuang Epidemic Records and China Infectious Disease Information Management System,and the descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted.Results A total of 833 pertussis cases with an annual average incidence of 0.42/100000 population were reported in Shijiazhuang from 2000 to 2019,and no death case was reported.The incidence of pertussis from 2001 to 2013 showed the wavelike downtrend,the reported incidence decreased from 0.73/100000 in 2000 to 0.02/100000 in 2013,it showed a fluctuating escalating trend after 2013,and the reported incidence in 2017 came up to 1.16/100000.The epidemic cycle hit 3-4 years.The cases were dominated by children under 5 years old in terms of population distribution(accounting for 82.23%of the total population).The overall seasonal incidence was insignificant(overall concentration ratio M=0.24).The epidemic threshold period extended from the end of March to the beginning of October.The incidence rate in eastern counties was the greatest(0.66/100000,χ^(2)=137.66,P<0.01).Clinically confirmed cases had dominated since 2005,accounting for 92.86%.Conclusion The incidence of pertussis in Shijiazhuang presents periodic variation.The incidence of pertussis shows the rising trend after 2013.Children under 5 years old dominate in terms of population distribution.No significant seasonal distribution is found,the incidence in eastern counties is the greatest.It is advised to explore the present immunization strategy,to conduct risk factor investigations in high-risk areas and to improve clinicians’awareness of atypical pertussis diagnosis and report and laboratory diagnostic capability of medical institutions.
作者
万丽
任常军
赵树青
刘立
毕猛
冯婵婵
WAN Li;REN Chang-jun;ZHAO Shu-qing;LIU Li;Meng;FENG Chan-chan(Institution of Epidemic Prevention and Control,Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hebei 050011,China;不详)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2022年第6期531-534,538,共5页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
河北省医学科学研究重点课题(20150922)
河北省医学会一等奖(191222-3)。
关键词
百日咳
流行病学特征
流行周期
集中度
分析
Pertussis
Epidemiologic feature
Epidemic cycle
Concentration ratio
Analysis
