摘要
目的:探讨基于行为改变理论的营养干预对妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)患者健康饮食行为、血糖和妊娠结局的影响。方法:选取2018年11月至2021年3月亳州市人民医院收治的104例GDM患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组52例。对照组予以常规营养干预,观察组予以基于行为改变理论的营养干预。比较两组干预前后膳食模式、健康饮食行为评分、血糖指标[空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hours postprandial blood glucose,2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)]及妊娠结局。结果:观察组干预后蛋白质(80.77%vs 59.62%)、脂肪(73.08%vs 42.31%)、碳水化合物(69.23%vs 42.31%)合理摄入例数占比及健康饮食行为评分[(7.02±1.01)分vs(5.51±0.98)分]均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组干预后FPG[(4.92±0.59)mmol/L vs(5.17±0.61)mmol/L]、2hPG[(5.52±0.54)mmol/L vs(5.89±0.58)mmol/L]及HbA1c[(5.15±0.37)%vs(5.42±0.48)%]水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组胎膜早破(15.38%vs 38.46%)、剖宫产(13.46%vs48.08%)、妊娠期高血压疾病(7.69%vs 23.08%)、巨大儿发生率(1.92%vs 23.08%)均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于行为改变理论的营养干预可有效优化GDM患者的膳食模式,强化健康饮食行为,进而降低患者血糖、改善妊娠结局。
Objective:To explore the effect of nutritional intervention based on behavioral change theory on healthy dietary behavior,blood glucose and pregnancy outcome of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:A total of 104 patients with GDM admitted to The People’s Hospital of Bozhou from November 2018 to March 2021 were selected as the research objects and according to random number table method randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 52 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nutritional intervention,and the observation group was given nutritional intervention based on behavioral change theory.The dietary pattern,healthy eating behavior score,blood glucose[fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 hours postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)]and pregnancy outcome were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results:After intervention,the proportion of reasonable intake of protein(80.77%vs 59.62%),fat(73.08%vs 42.31%),carbohydrate(69.23%vs 42.31%)and healthy eating behavior score[(7.02±1.01)points vs(5.51±0.98)points]in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of FPG[(4.92±0.59)mmol/L vs(5.17±0.61)mmol/L],2hPG[(5.52±0.54)mmol/L vs(5.89±0.58)mmol/L]and HbA1c[(5.15±0.37)%vs(5.42±0.48)%]in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidences of premature rupture of membrane(15.38%vs 38.46%),cesarean section(13.46%vs 48.08%),hypertensive disorders complicatin pregnancy(7.69%vs 23.08%)and macrosomia(1.92%vs 23.08%)in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Nutritional intervention based on behavioral change theory can effectively optimize the dietary pattern of GDM patients,strengthen healthy dietary behavior,thereby reducing blood glucose and improving pregnancy outcomes.
作者
翟璠
牛三强
彭巧玲
刘倩
ZHAI Fan;NIU Sanqiang;PENG Qiaoling;LIU Qian(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,People’s Hospital of Bozhou,Bozhou Anhui 236800,China)
出处
《临床与病理杂志》
CAS
2022年第6期1416-1422,共7页
Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research
关键词
行为改变理论
营养
妊娠期糖尿病
健康饮食
血糖
妊娠结局
behavioral change theory
nutrition
gestational diabetes
healthy diet
blood glucose
pregnancy outcome
