摘要
为研究草原矿区不同开采时期的生态状况,选取自然条件及开采现状较为相似的、具有不同开采年份的3个大型露天矿宝日希勒露天矿(20 a)、伊敏露天矿(36 a)、胜利一号露天矿(45 a),在初步划定各矿区生态敏感区的基础上,基于生态服务价值分析,结合生态储存状态、过程、能力、格局及条件指标,综合评价对比各矿区的生态储存效应。研究结果表明:①宝矿、敏矿、胜利矿矿区生态服务价值变化幅度分别为-4212.19、1915.68、-2491.49元/a;生态储存状态指标显示,宝矿、敏矿、胜利矿的矿区生态系统单位面积生态服务价值分别以83.68、75.38、48.01元/(hm^(2)·a)的速度发生退化。②三个矿生态储存转化率均为负值,生态系统呈现高服务功能向低服务功能转换的过程,生态储存过程均呈现消极转化趋势;宝矿、敏矿、胜利矿生态储存能力值分别为-410、-310、-240元/(hm^(2)·a),其中胜利矿具有相对较好的生态储存能力;三个矿的生态储存格局值较为接近,宝矿、敏矿、胜利矿生态储存条件值分别为0.37%、0.69%、0.62%。③生态储存效应综合指数显示,敏矿综合指数相对较高为4.37,宝矿次之、胜利矿相对较低为1.65,表明土地利用对区域生态储存影响伊敏矿最小,胜利矿最大。研究结果有利于及时采取应对措施以减缓矿区生态效应的累积趋势,促进煤炭开采与草原生态的协调发展。
In order to study the ecological status of grassland mining area in different mining periods,three large-scale open-pit mines with similar natural conditions and mining status,including the Baorixile Open-pit Mine(20 years),Yimin Open-pit Mine(36 years),and Shengli No.1 Open-pit Mine(45 years),with different mining years were selected.On the basis of the preliminary delineation of the ecologically sensitive areas in each mining area,the ecological service value analysis and the ecological storage state,process,capacity,pattern and condition indexes were used to comprehensively evaluate and compare the ecological storage effects of each mining area.The results showed that:①the variation range of ecological service value in Baorixile,Yimin and Shengli No 1 mining areas was-4212.19,1915.68 and-2491.49 yuan/a,respectively.According to the ecological storage status index,the ecological service value per unit area of the mining area ecosystem of Baorixile,Yimin and Shengli No.1 open pit coal mine was degraded at a rate of 83.68,75.38 and 48.01 yuan/(hm2·a),respectively.②The conversion rate of ecological storage in the three mines was negative,the ecosystem showed a process of conversion from high service function to low service function,and the ecological storage process showed a negative trend.The ecological storage capacity val⁃ues of Baorixile,Yimin and Shengli No 1 open pit coal mine are-410,-310 yuan/(hm2·a)and-240 yuan/(hm2·a),respectively,among which Shengli No 1 mine had relatively good ecological storage capacity.The ecological storage pattern values of the three mines were close to each other.The ecological storage conditions of Baorixile,Yimin and Shengli No 1 open pit coal mine were 0.37%,0.69%and 0.62%,respec⁃tively.③The comprehensive index of ecological storage effect showed that the comprehensive index of Yimin mine was relatively high at 4.37,followed by Baorixile mine,and Shengli No 1 mine was relatively low at 1.65,indicating that land use had the least impact on regional ecological storage of Yimin mine and the largest impact on Shengli mine.The results are helpful to take measures to slow down the accu⁃mulation of ecological effects in mining areas and promote the coordinated development of coal mining and grassland ecology.
作者
赵玉国
吉莉
董霁红
房阿曼
曹志国
张峰
ZHAO Yuguo;JI Li;DONG Jihong;FANG Aman;CAO Zhiguo;ZHANG Feng(Production Technology Department,Shenhua Baorixile Energy Corporation Limited,Hulunbuir 021000,China;School of Environment and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining,National Energy Group,Beijing 102200,China;CCTEG Ecological Environment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《煤炭科学技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期271-280,共10页
Coal Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0501105)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874306)。
关键词
露天煤矿
生态储存
指标体系
过程分析
生态累积效应
open-pit coal mine
ecological storage
index system
process analysis
ecological cumulative effect
