摘要
骑行网络是城市重要的绿色基础设施之一,其周边环境的空气质量对于骑行者的呼吸健康十分重要。近年来自行车出行得到倡导,骑行者的呼吸暴露问题逐渐受到广泛关注。以上海市四平街区为例,探讨骑行活动的PM_(2.5)暴露分布模式以及呼吸暴露对个体骑行路径选择的影响:1)利用移动监测设备对各路段骑行环境的PM_(2.5)污染物浓度进行测量,结合共享单车骑行轨迹大数据,得到街区PM_(2.5)累积暴露量分布状况;2)建立Logit模型,分析“感知暴露”和“告知暴露”2种情景下的路径选择机制,结果表明PM_(2.5)暴露量和骑行时耗2个因素存在权衡关系,在感知暴露情景下骑行者对低暴露、低时耗均有显著偏好,在告知暴露情景下骑行者则愿意绕行其他路径来换取较低的PM_(2.5)暴露风险;3)从暴露干预的角度,提出面向呼吸健康的骑行网络优化建议及具体措施。研究发现了街区骑行网络微环境PM_(2.5)暴露水平的空间差异性,揭示了呼吸暴露对骑行路径选择的影响机制,为构建一个健康、便利的骑行友好网络提供技术指导。
Cycling network is one of the essential green infrastructures in cities,whose environment air quality is quite important to the respiratory health of cyclists.In recent years,the problem of respiratory exposure has gradually received extensive attention with the revival of bicycle transport.Taking Siping Neighborhood in Shanghai as an example,this research discusses the distribution pattern of cycling-related PM_(2.5)exposure and the influence of respiratory exposure on cycling route choice.1)The research adopts mobile monitoring equipment to measure the concentration of PM_(2.5)pollutants in the cycling environment of each street section and,in combination with big data of cycling trajectory obtained from shared bicycles,figures out the distribution of the cumulative quantity of PM_(2.5)exposure in Siping Neighborhood.2)It builds the Logit model to analyze the mechanism for route choice under the two scenarios of“perceived exposure”and“informed exposure”,finding that there exists a trade-off relationship between the two factors of PM_(2.5)exposure quantity and time consumption:cyclists significantly prefer low exposure quantity and time consumption in case of perceived exposure,while in case of informed exposure,they prefer taking another route in exchange for lower PM_(2.5)exposure risk.3)From the perspective of exposure intervention,the research puts forward suggestions and specific measures for the optimization of cycling network aiming at respiratory health.This research proves the spatial difference of PM_(2.5)exposure in the micro-environment of cycling network at neighborhood scale.It reveals the influence mechanism of respiratory exposure on cycling route choice,which can provide technical guidance for the construction of a healthy and convenient cycling-friendly network.
作者
刘冰
史帅
朱俊宇
LIU Bing;SHI Shuai;ZHU Junyu(College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP),Tongji University;Key Laboratory of Ecology and Energy-Saving Study of Dense Habitat,Ministry of Education,and the Key Laboratory of Spatial Intelligent Planning Technology,Ministry of Natural Resources,Tongji University;Shanghai Branch of China Academy of Urban Planning&Design;Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning&Design Institute Co.,Ltd)
出处
《风景园林》
2022年第7期103-110,共8页
Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金(编号51778433,51378360)。
关键词
风景园林
PM_(2.5)
呼吸暴露
感知暴露
告知暴露
骑行路径偏好
健康交通
landscape architecture
PM_(2.5)
respiratory exposure
perceived exposure
informed exposure
cycling route preference
healthy transport
