摘要
以长江上游生姜种植区主栽品种小黄姜为材料,于2020—2021年在湖北省宣恩县、四川省开江县和重庆市永川区对姜瘟病流行动态进行观测研究,分析病害流行与当地环境因子变化的关系,为该区姜瘟病预测和防治提供参考借鉴。结果表明,随着时间推移,3个试验点姜瘟病发生均呈先升高再降低的二次曲线变化趋势。当盛夏季节(6月中旬—8月下旬)的旬平均气温达到23.6~31.6℃时,长江上游生姜种植区姜瘟病可能大规模发生,其最大病情指数高达43.6。姜瘟病始发期(5月)的旬降雨量为12.5~63.5 mm;高峰期(6—8月)总降雨量为381.5~879.0 mm,总降雨时间为43~63 d。不同试验点姜瘟病病情指数表现为宣恩>永川>开江;而在每个试验点,姜瘟病病情指数随旬降雨量增多而升高。总体来看,长江上游生姜种植区姜瘟病病情指数与旬平均温度、旬降雨时间,特别是旬降雨量均存在显著的相关性,且与三者呈现线性回归关系。因此,有效防控长江上游生姜种植区姜瘟病,需密切关注该区10 d范围内的平均温度、降雨量甚至降雨时间等主要气候因子变化。
Based on Xiaohuangjiang,a variety mainly cultivated in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,the epidemic dynamics of ginger blast were studied in Xuan’en County(Hubei Province),Kaijiang County(Sichuan Province)and Yongchuan District(Chongqing City)from 2020 to 2021,and the relationship between disease prevalence and local environmental factors was analyzed in order to provide reference for the prediction and control of the disease in this area. The results showed that incidence of ginger blast increased first and then decreased with a trend of quadratic curve. When average temperature in ten days from mid June to late August reached 23. 6 to 31. 6 ℃,ginger blast occurred on a large scale in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River with a maximum disease index of 43. 6. The rainfall in ten days reached 12. 5 to 63. 5 mm in initial stage(May)of ginger blast,while it rained for 43 to 63 days with a total volume of 381. 5 to 879. 0 mm rainfall in peak stage(June-August)of the disease. The disease index of ginger blast showed Xuan’en>Yongchuan>Kaijiang,while the disease index increased with the increase of rainfall in ten days at three sites. Overall,there was a significant correlation between disease index and average temperature,rainfall and rainfall time in ten days in upper reaches of the Yangtze River,and there was a linear relationship between the three climate factors and the disease index.Therefore,it is necessary to pay close attention to the changes of main climate factors such as average temperature,rainfall and even rainfall time in ten days in order to effectively control ginger blast.
作者
周弦
刘续立
熊诗洁
蔡小东
朱永兴
李姗蓉
罗怀海
贾切
ZHOU Xian;LIU Xuli;XIONG Shijie;CAI Xiaodong;ZHU Yongxing;LI Shanrong;LUO Huaihai;JIA Qie(College of Horticulture and Gardening,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;Chongqing Master Station of Agricultural Technology Promotion,Chongqing 401121,China;The Plant Protection Station of Sichuan Provincial Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department,Chengdu 610041,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2022年第5期71-83,共13页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
中央引导地方科技资金专项(2020ZYYD020)。
关键词
长江上游
气候因子
姜瘟病
流行动态
回归分析
Upper reaches of the Yangtze River
Climate factors
Ginger blast
Epidemic dynamics
Regression analysis
