摘要
新能源汽车是汽车发展的重要方向之一,动力电池作为新能源汽车的核心部件,其技术发展水平对于新能源汽车的发展和规模化应用具有重要意义.文中综述了新能源汽车中的锂离子动力电池技术的发展现状,开展了锂离子动力电池的正极材料、负极材料、电解质材料及隔膜材料的发展现状探讨与前景分析.分析表明,为了实现更高的能量密度以及提高安全性,正负极材料的发展重点是基于现有材料的纳米化、结构化;以及寻找能量密度更高的正极材料作为替代。液态电解质的安全性是锂离子电池的研究重点以及未来发展需要重点解决的问题之一,通过对电解质界面研究的深入,可以有效提高电池的安全性和性能。此外固态电解质的发展可以提高电池的安全性,但是目前固态电解质的研究还处于实验阶段.隔膜材料从单一的聚合物发展到到纳米涂层复合结构,重点在于进一步提升离子通过能力,化学稳定性和机械性能.
To develop new energy vehicle is one of the most important directions for vehicle development.The power battery is its core component, so its technology level is meaningful for its development and mass application.This work gives a review on the development status and the potential of the Li-ion battery including the materials of positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and membrane.The analyses reveal that in order to achieve higher energy density and improve safety of the Li-ion battery, the development of positive and negative electrode materials focuses on the nanoscale and structuring of existing materials;the search for cathode materials with higher energy density could be an alternative;the safety of liquid electrolytes properties are the research focus of lithium-ion batteries and one of the key issues to be solved in the future development.Through the in-depth research on the electrolyte interface, the safety and performance of the battery can be effectively improved.In addition, the development of solid electrolytes can improve the safety of the battery.At present, the research on solid-state electrolytes is still in the experimental stage.The membrane of the Li-ion battery could also be improved from pure polymer to nano-coating composite membrane structures in order to further enhance the ion transfer ability, chemical stability and mechanical characteristics.
作者
崔宇
刘文江
CUI Yu;LIU Wenjiang(Department of Automotive Engineering,Harbin Light Industry School,Harbin Hei Longjiang 150077)
出处
《东北电力大学学报》
2022年第2期41-48,共8页
Journal of Northeast Electric Power University
基金
黑龙江省职业教育示范性虚拟仿真实训基地培育项目(2021XNJD010)。
关键词
锂离子电池
正极材料
负极材料
电解质
隔膜材料
Li-ion battery
Positive electrode material
Negative electrode material
Electrolyte
Membrane material
