摘要
从水-能源-粮食纽带关系的角度,研究构建了灌区水土资源多目标优化配置模型方法,提出了包括灌溉效益净值最大化、水分生产率最大化、粮食生产能源效率最大化的目标函数,以及体现水资源、能源和粮食生产之间交互关系的决策变量、约束条件和模型参数取值;针对模型多个优化解的问题,提出了水-能源-粮食优选指数和水-能源-粮食综合效益指数,为多组优化配置方案的进一步比选和综合效益量化提供了决策参考。以某大型灌区为例进行了模型应用与优化计算,得到了8组优化结果和一个最优方案,并分别针对实际配置情况和优化配置情况进行评价对比。研究结果表明:实例灌区优化方案的粮食产量、水分生产率和能源效率与优化前实际情况下提升了8.31%、18.93%和15.49%,灌溉净效益仅减少0.32%,但灌区综合效益提升了11.11%,模型优化效果明显;所提出的配置模型能较为清晰地展现灌区在资源消耗、粮食产量和经济收益等方面的相互制约关系,且不同的求解方案对于节水、节能、增产、增收等方面具有不同程度的偏向性,所提出的指数能够实现优中选优的比选,以此开展水土资源优化配置实践,能充分发挥灌区水资源及能源的利用效率、提升作物产量和灌溉效益,为灌区水土资源高效利用提供了一种新思路。
From the perspective of Water-Energy-Food nexus,a multi-objective optimal allocation model of water and soil resources in irrigation areas is established.This model improves the objective functions,constraint conditions and optimization solution method,reflecting the interactive relationships among water resources,energy and food production in irrigation areas.The Water-Energy-Food optimization index and the Water-Energy-Food comprehensive benefit index are constructed to select the optimized schemes and evaluate the corresponding effects.This model is applied to a large irrigation area in China.Eight groups of optimization results and an optimal scheme are obtained.The results show that the optimization effect of the model is obvious.The grain yield,water productivity and energy efficiency of the optimization scheme are 8.31%,18.93%and 15.49%higher than those of the traditional allocation model,with the net irrigation benefit only reduced by 0.32%but the comprehensive benefit of the irrigation area increased by 11.11%.The model can clearly show the mutual restriction relationship among water saving,energy saving and yield increase in irrigation areas.It can be used for the optimal allocation of water and soil resources in the irrigation area to improve the utilization efficiency of water resources and energy,and the crop yield and irrigation benefits.Therefore,this model provides a new idea for the efficient utilization of water and soil resources in irrigation areas.
作者
陈丹
付责
张鹏
季巍
袁秀伟
CHEN Dan;FU Ze;ZHANG Peng;JI Wei;YUAN Xiu-wei(College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Water Conservancy Bureau of Nantong,Nantong 226007,Jiangsu Province,China;Water Conservancy Bureau of Hongze District in Huai’an,Huai’an 223100,Jiangsu Province,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2022年第7期73-81,共9页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
江苏省水利科技项目(2021056)
国家重点研发计划课题(2020YFD0900703)。
关键词
水-能源-粮食纽带关系
灌区
水土资源
多目标优化
配置模型
water-energy-food nexus
irrigation area
water and soil resources
multi-objective optimization
allocation model
