摘要
为了解凤凰单丛古茶树衰退的原因,对凤凰镇乌岽湖村、大庵村及深垭村的凤凰单丛古茶树进行调查,统计不同树龄古茶树数目,记录其生长状况与受危害情况等,并取松土、弱树生长土、壮树生长土等分别测定pH值、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾等指标,分析其衰弱原因。在三个村内选取样方10 m×10 m调查结果显示:树龄300年的凤凰单丛古茶树有2株,树龄200年的凤凰单丛古茶树有30株,树龄100年的凤凰单丛古茶树有44株,树龄80 ~ 100年的凤凰单丛老茶树有104株;凤凰单丛古茶树壮树和弱树生长土壤的营养物质含量相差不大;凤凰单丛古茶树所受的病虫危害主要有茶树天牛、茶枝镰蛾幼虫、白蚁及小蠹虫。针对凤凰单丛古茶树的保护,提出利用农业手段清除地衣苔藓、利用物理诱杀、生物方法以及有机农药喷洒等对古茶树病虫害进行有效防治以及对凤凰单丛古茶树资源保护进行地方立法与制度完善等措施。调查结果可为凤凰单丛古茶树的保护及种质资源保存提供参考。
In order to understand the reasons for the decline of Fenghuang-Dancong ancient tea plant,the Fenghuang-Dancong ancient tea plants in wudonghu village,Daan village and Shenya village in Fenghuang town were investigated.The number of ancient tea trees with different tree ages was counted,their growth status and damage were recorded,and the loose soil,weak tree growth soil and strong tree growth soil were taken to measure pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium respectively,and the reasons for their decline were analyzed.The results showed that there were 2 Fenghuang Fenghuang-Dancong aged 300 years,30 Fenghuang-Dancong aged 200 years,44 Fenghuang-Dancong aged 100 years and 104 Fenghuang-Dancong aged 80 ~ 100 years.Moreover,there was little difference in nutrient content between strong and weak trees of Fenghuang-Dancong,and the main diseases and insect pests of Fenghuang-Dancong was tea longicorn beetle,tea branch sickle moth larvae,termites and bark beetles.In view of the protection of Fenghuang-Dancong,this work put forward some measures,such as using agricultural means to remove lichen and moss,using physical trapping,biological methods and organic pesticide spraying to effectively control the diseases and pests of ancient tea plant,and improving the local legislation and system for the protection of Fenghuang-Dancong ancient tea plant resources.The investigation results can provide reference for the protection of Fenghuang-Dancong ancient tea plant and the preservation of tea plant germplasm.
作者
陈意兰
韦智获
吴启松
刘东明
郑道序
CHEN Yilan;WEI Zhihuo;WU Qisong;LIU Dongming;ZHENG Daoxu(South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;Shantou Institute of Forestry Science,Shantou 515041,China;South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《茶叶通讯》
2022年第2期181-186,共6页
Journal of Tea Communication
基金
广东省林业科技创新项目(2019KJCX040)。
关键词
凤凰单丛
古茶树
衰弱
调查
Fenghuang-Dancong
Ancient tea plant
Weakness
Investigation and Analysis
