摘要
为描述某一时刻城市道路的实际承载车辆数,提出实际承载量概念。运用Python编程且调用百度地图Web服务中的API,克服传统交通调查难以实现全样本、大范围实时交通数据连续采集的缺陷,在此基础上基于交通流理论中速度与密度的关系构建实际承载量和实际饱和度计算模型。以哈尔滨市阿城区为例进行分析,结果表明:与低等级道路相比,高等级道路高峰实际承载量与理论容量之间相关性更强;工作日城市道路平峰实际承载量仅为高峰的60%左右,而周末不同时段实际承载量差异较小;快速路与主干路高峰实际饱和度明显高于其他等级道路,说明出行者更倾向选择高等级道路出行。模型可从交通需求角度对承载量较高的道路和出行热点区域进行识别,进而为治理城市交通拥堵提供新思路。
The concept of actual carrying capacity is proposed in order to calculate the actual number of vehicles in urban roads at a certain moment.The problem that traditional traffic surveys are difficult to collect the large-scale and full sample real-time traffic data continuously is solved by using Python program to call Web service API of Baidu Map.On this basis,the calculation models of actual carrying capacity and the actual saturation are established based on the relationship between speed and density in traffic flow theory.Taking Acheng area of Harbin as an example,the result shows that:compared with low-grade urban roads,there is a stronger correlation between the actual and the theoretical carrying capacity of high-grade urban roads during peak hours.On weekdays,the actual carrying capacity of urban roads during off-peak hours is only 60%of that during peak hours.In contrast,the actual carrying capacity of urban roads has little difference during the whole day of weekends.The expressways and trunk roads have higher actual saturation than other grades of roads during peak hours,it indicates that travelers prefer to choose high-grade roads.The model can identify the high actual carrying capacity roads and travel hotspots in urban road network from the perspective of traffic demand,and provide a new idea for the management of traffic congestion in urban areas.
作者
常铮
裴玉龙
CHANG Zheng;PEI Yulong(School of Traffic and Transportation,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《交通科技与经济》
2022年第4期8-15,共8页
Technology & Economy in Areas of Communications
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1600902)。
关键词
实时交通数据
城市道路
交通拥堵
网页爬虫
实际承载量
实际饱和度
real-time traffic data
urban road
traffic congestion
web crawler
actual carrying capacity
actual saturation
