摘要
为了解长江水系青鱼不同地理群体肌肉营养品质的差异,用国标生化法测定了湖南湘江群体(XJ)、湖北石首群体(SS)、江苏邗江群体(HJ)青鱼肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸的含量,并按FAO/WHO建议的标准进行了营养品质评价。结果显示:3个群体青鱼肌肉的水分质量分数为81.08%~82.20%,粗蛋白质质量分数为16.86%~17.94%,粗脂肪质量分数为0.46%~0.52%,粗灰分质量分数为1.26%~1.34%,3个群体间常规营养成分无显著性差异(P>0.05);在3个群体青鱼的肌肉中均检测出16种氨基酸,其中人体必需氨基酸7种,半必需氨基酸2种,非必需氨基酸7种,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的39.24%~40.22%,鲜味氨基酸占总氨基酸的38.54%~39.37%;在脂肪酸组成和含量上,石首群体、邗江群体中均检测到18种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸9种,单不饱和脂肪酸3种,多不饱和脂肪酸6种,以上两个群体的脂肪酸组成种类均多于湘江群体,邗江群体在饱和脂肪酸总量和多不饱和脂肪酸总量上均显著高于石首群体和湘江群体(P<0.05),而在单不饱和脂肪酸总量上,3个群体间差异不显著(P>0.05),3个群体都含有高水平的DHA+EPA。结果表明,青鱼3个群体的蛋白质含量均较高,氨基酸组成合理,富含多种不饱和脂肪酸,均具有较高的营养价值,其中邗江群体营养价值最高,可作为青鱼良种选育的主要对象。
National commonplace methods were used to confirm the proximate,amino acids and fatty acids composition in muscle of black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus collected from Xiangjiang District in Hunan Province(XJ),Shishou City in Hubei Province(SS)and Hanjiang District in Jiangsu Province(HJ),and the nutritional quality of M.piceus muscle was also evaluated based on FAO/WHO standards.The results showed that the content of moisture,protein,fat and ash ranged between 81.08%-82.20%,16.86%-17.94%,0.46%-0.52%and 1.26%-1.34%with no significant difference.Sixteen amino acids were detected within the muscles of all three M.piceus populations,and the content of essential amino acids and savory amino acids accounted for 39.24%-40.22%and 38.54%-39.37%of total amino acid contents,respectively.In terms of fatty acid composition,18 fatty acids were detected in HJ and SS populations with 9 saturated fatty acids,3 monounsaturated fatty acids and 6 unsaturated fatty acids,and the amount of these fatty acids were higher than XJ population.Three M.piceus popu-lations all contained high levels of DHA+EPA.Our results indicated that all three groups of M.piceus possess high nutritional value,in terms of high protein contents,reasonable amino acids composition and rich fatty acids concen-tration.Among them,HJ individuals had the highest nutritional value,which could be used for selective breeding.
作者
苏玉红
谢楠
郭加民
徐晓雁
程熙
李家乐
沈玉帮
SU Yuhong;XIE Nan;GUO Jiamin;XU Xiaoyan;CHENG Xi;LI Jiale;SHEN Yubang(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Fisheries Research Institute,Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,Zhejiang,China;Shanghai Jiading Fisheries Technical Extension Center,Shanghai 201800,China)
出处
《水产科技情报》
2022年第4期200-205,共6页
Fisheries Science & Technology Information
基金
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-45-03)。
关键词
青鱼
长江水系
地理群体
肉质性状
肌肉
black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus
Yangtze River system
geographic population
meat quality
muscle
