摘要
目的调查新疆煤矿工人职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(occupational musculoskeletal disorders,OMD)发生情况及其工作组织影响因素。方法2020年10—12月,采用分层整群抽样的方法,选用经修订的《肌肉骨骼疾患调查问卷》和中文版《工作-付出回报失衡量表》对新疆6家煤矿共1502名一线煤矿工人近1年肌肉骨骼疾患患病与工作组织以及社会心理情况进行调查。结果该煤矿工人OMD发生率为78.1%;不同部位的发生率为11.1%~60.2%,其中前4位依次为腰部(60.2%)、颈部(48.3%)、肩部(45.6%)和膝部(35.9%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,不同部位OMD可能的危险因素不同:颈部为坐位工作(OR=1.84),工作每天重复(OR=1.48);肩部为工作涉及到寒冷/凉风或者气温变化(OR=1.47),工作在同一车间完成(OR=1.36);腰部和膝部为工作涉及到寒冷/凉风或者气温变化(OR=1.56、1.57),休息后又开始工作(OR=1.52、1.41);颈、肩、腰、膝4个部位OMD可能的保护因素为休息时间充足。结论煤矿工人OMD的发生率相对较高,工作组织因素可能对煤矿工人OMD产生一定的影响。因此,需从工作组织因素入手积极预防和控制OMD发生。
Objective To investigate the occurrence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders(OMD)and its influencing factors of work organization.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method,1502 first-line coal miner from six coal mines in Xinjiang were selected from October to December 2020,and the prevalence of OMD,work organization and psychosocial situation in the past year were investigated by the revised Musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire and Chinese version of Effort-reward imbalance questionnaire(C-ERI).Results The incidence of OMD among the workers was 78.1%,the incidence rates of different parts of body were between 11.1%to 60.2%,the top four incidence were waist(60.2%),neck(48.3%),shoulder(45.6%)and knee(35.9%).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the possible risk factors for OMD might be different for different parts of body,such as the risk factors for neck were seat work(OR=1.84)and the same work every day(OR=1.48);the risk factors for shoulder were the work involves cold/cool wind or temperature change(OR=1.47)and the work done in the same workshop(OR=1.36);the risk factors for waist and knee were the work involves cold/cool wind or temperature change(OR=1.56,1.57)and started work after rest(OR=1.52,1.41).Additionally,the possible protective factors for OMD of neck,shoulder,waist and knee were sufficient rest time.Conclusions The incidence rate of OMD in coal miners is at a high level and the work organization seems to play a role for prevalence of OMD in neck,shoulder,waist and knee.Therefore,it is necessary to actively prevent and control OMD from work organization factors.
作者
迪丽娜尔·艾克拜尔
谢尔瓦妮古丽·阿卜力米提
邓慧君
祖丽皮努·木台力甫
马翔宇
李富业
Dilinaer·Aikebaier;Xieerwaniguli·Abulimiti;DENG Hui-jun;Zulipinu·Mutailifu;MA Xiang-yu;LI Fu-ye(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830011,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2022年第12期1615-1619,1623,共6页
Occupation and Health
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82060590)。
关键词
职业性肌肉骨骼疾患
工作组织
危险因素
煤矿工人
Occupational musculoskeletal disorders
Work organization
Risk factors
Coal miner
