摘要
林火是森林生态系统的主要干扰因子,火后森林恢复过程中物种组成的变化规律是恢复生态学研究的重要内容。本研究以漠河地区中度林火干扰不同恢复时期的天然落叶松火烧迹地为研究对象,采用群落调查的方法对样方进行调查,分析落叶松林群落的物种组成和多样性动态变化特征。结果表明:(1)中度火烧迹地在恢复的过程中,乔木层树种组成变化巨大,虽然优势树种未变,但伴生树种的重要值持续上升,在恢复30 a时,群落伴生树种和落叶松的重要值基本持平。(2)林下灌木层和草本层受乔木层影响,落叶松林群落在恢复19 a时,种间竞争加剧,恢复至30 a时,群落回归较稳定的状态;灌木层多样性由大到小的顺序为:恢复19 a、恢复10 a、恢复30 a、对照;盖度随时间增加而增长,并逐渐趋于稳定;草本层多样性由大到小的顺序为:对照、恢复30 a、恢复19 a、恢复10 a;盖度随时间增加而降低,并逐渐趋于稳定。(3)整体来看,经过30 a的恢复时间群落回归稳定,但林火干扰改变了群落原有的演替方向,朝着混交方向发展。
Forest fire is the main disturbance factors of forest ecosystem.The changing law of species composition in the process of forest restoration after fireis the important contents of restoration ecology.We took natural Larix gmelinii moderate burned area with different forest fire intensity disturbing and different restoration periods in Mohe area as the research object,using community survey method investigating the sample,analyzing the species composition and diversity,which would provide theoretical basis for vegetation restoration of the area.Results show:(1)In the process of recovery of moderate burned area,the composition of tree species in tree layer changed greatly.Although the dominant tree species had no changing,the important value of associated tree species continued to rise,and it was close to the level of L.gmelinii at 30 a.(2)Affected by the tree layer,L.gmelinii community’s shrub layer and herb layer were affected by the tree layer,interspecific competition intensified at 19 a.And in the 30 a recovery period,the community returned to a stable state.The descending order of shrub layer diversity was 19,10,30 a,and control.Coverage increased with time and tended to be stable.The descending order of herb layer diversity was:control,30,19 and 10 a.Coverage decreased with time and tended to be stable.(3)On the whole,after 30-a recovery time,the community returned to stability,but the forest fire disturbance changed the original succession direction of the community,and the community was likely to develop towards mixing in the future.
作者
蓝俊杰
刘艳红
Lan Junjie;Liu Yanhong(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期22-27,共6页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504004-1)。
关键词
林火干扰
物种组成与多样性
兴安落叶松
中度火烧迹地
Forest fire disturbance
Species composition and diversity
Larix gmelinii
Moderate burned area
