摘要
为了解上海内陆鱼类微塑料污染情况,以淀山湖、黄浦江及苏州河的5种优势种鱼类为对象,分析了消化道内微塑料的出现率、丰度、物理特征、化学成分及其差异性。结果显示,5种、639尾鱼类中共检出845个微塑料,微塑料的平均检出率为59.78%,植食性鱼类显著高于杂食性和肉食性鱼类(p<0.05)。微塑料的平均丰度为1.32±1.92个/尾,植食性鱼类显著高于其他鱼类(p<0.05),水域差异表现为苏州河下游、苏州河支流和苏州河上游显著高于淀山湖和黄浦江上游(p<0.05)。在检出的4种微塑料形状中,纤维状占80.47%,薄膜状占13.73%,碎片状和颗粒状占4.14%和1.66%。在检出的6种微塑料颜色中,黑色和透明的占29.59%和28.99%,蓝色、红色、黄色和绿色的占15.86%、10.53%、8.52%和6.51%。粒径小于1 mm的占60.12%。检出了18种化学成分,赛璐酚占比达39.42%,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯占比为20.19%,聚酰胺和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的占比为11.54%和9.62%。分析表明,上海主要河流鱼类微塑料污染主要来源于居民生活用品的包装材料或丢弃物,在平均检出率和丰度上处于中等偏下的水平,并与栖息水体的污染程度有一定相关性。
In order to investigate the microplastic pollution of continental fish in Shanghai, this study investigated the detective rate, abundance, physical characteristics, chemical composition and differences of microplastics in digestive tract of five fish species in Dianshan Lake, Huangpu River and Suzhou River. The results show that 845 microplastics were detected in 639 fish. The average detective rate of microplastics was 59.78%, and herbivorous fish had significantly higher detective rate than omnivorous and carnivorous fish(p<0.05). The average abundance of microplastics was 1.32±1.92 items/individual, and not only the herbivorous fish was higher than the others(p<0.05), but also the downstream, tributaries and upstream of Suzhou River were significantly higher than Dianshan Lake and the upstream of Huangpu River(p<0.05). There are four microplastics shapes were detected, fiber(80.47%), films(13.73%), fragments(4.14%) and particles(1.66%). Black, transparent, blue, red, yellow and green microplastic colors were dected, accounting for 29.59%, 28.99%, 15.86%, 10.53%, 8.52% and 6.51%. 60.12% of microplastics were smaller than 1 mm. A total of eighteen chemical components types were dected. The majority of the microplastics were cellophane(39.42%), polyethylene terephthalate(20.19%), polyamide(11.54%) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(9.62%). The research shows that the microplastic pollution of fish in Shanghai’s main rivers mainly comes from the packaging materials or discarded items in daily life. The average detective rate and abundance are below the medium level, which has a correlation with the pollution degree of the habitat water.
作者
刘思琪
唐文乔
LIU Si-qi;TANG Wen-qiao(Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution,Shanghai OceanUniversity,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1324-1333,共10页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900802)
上海市生态环境局2019年和2020年鱼类群落专项调查项目。
关键词
上海内陆鱼类
微塑料污染
物理形态
化学成分
Shanghai continental fish
microplastic pollution
physical form
chemical composition
