摘要
水中天然有机污染物作为致癌消毒副产物的已知前体物,会增强配水系统的生物活性,对人类健康产生严重危害。本研究旨在提高澄清工艺处理水库原水的净化效能,降低中小型水厂出厂水中NOM的含量。试验首先考察了澄清工艺中上升流速对絮体层形成的影响,确定了工艺的最佳上升流速,在此基础上探究了投加粉末活性炭对澄清工艺去除有机物的强化效能。研究结果表明,在3.60m/h的上升流速下,悬浮泥渣澄清工艺可将原水浊度去除至0.37NTU,此工况对UV_(254)和COD_(Mn)的去除率分别为57.92%和50.53%。在投加粉末活性炭后,工艺对有机物的去除率明显提高,其中在投加量为15.0mg/L时对UV_(254)和COD_(Mn)的去除率分别达到88.69%和63.38%。分子量分级实验结果表明,水库水中小分子量有机物含量最多,其中小于3kDa的有机物占比59%,经沉淀工艺和澄清工艺处理后,此部分有机物含量分别降低了30.71%和38.80%,在投加活性炭后沉淀工艺和澄清工艺去除率分别提升了26.38%和19.07%。三维荧光光谱表明投加粉末活性炭显著提升了对原水中溶解性微生物产物类、芳香族蛋白质Ⅱ类物质的去除效果。
Natural organic matters(NOM)in water are known precursors of carcinogenic disinfection by-products and may enhance the biological activity of water distribution system,thereby causing serious harm to human health.This study investigated the influence of rising velocity on the formation of flocculant layer in the clarification process,determined the best rising velocity,and explored the strengthening effect of organic matter by adding powdered activated carbon on the process on this basis,aiming to improve the performance of the clarification process in treating reservoir water and reduce NOM content in effluent from small and medium-sized water treatment plants.Study results showed that the suspended sludge clarification process could reduce the turbidity of raw water to 0.37NTU at the rising flow rate of 3.60m/h.Under the same condition,UV_(254) and COD_(Mn) were removed by 57.92%and 50.53%,respectively.The addition of powdered activated carbon could significantly enhance the removal of organic matters.At the activated carbon dosage of 15.0mg/L,the removal rates of UV_(254) and COD_(Mn) increased to 88.69%and 63.38%,respectively.Results of molecular weight classification experiment showed that organic matters with small molecular weight accounted for the largest proportion in reservoir water.For example,proportion of organic matters less than 3kDa amounted to 59%.Coagulation-sedimentation and clarification could remove this portion of organic matters by 30.71%and 38.80%,respectively.Addition of powered activated carbon could respectively increase the removal rates of coagulation-sedimentation and clarification by 26.38%and 19.07%.Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum showed that the addition of activated carbon powder could significantly enhance the removal of dissolved microbial products and aromatic protein classⅡsubstances in raw water.
作者
杨金月
杨晓英
郑正
何坚
YANG Jinyue;YANG Xiaoying;ZHENG Zheng;HE Jian(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《复旦学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期353-364,共12页
Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science
基金
雅本化学捐赠项目(SCH1829202E)。
关键词
粉末活性炭
澄清工艺
上升流速
絮体层通量
powdered activated carbon
clarification process
rising velocity
floc layer flux
