摘要
哺乳动物的肠道中存在庞大的微生物群落,这些微生物与宿主自身的消化吸收、能量代谢和免疫防御等生命活动息息相关。海南长臂猿(Nomascus hainanus)是世界上最濒危的灵长类动物之一,现存海南长臂猿种群小、分布范围狭窄、近亲繁殖隐患高,尚未摆脱物种灭绝风险,目前对该物种现存种群的肠道微生态研究匮乏。以海南热带雨林国家公园4个家庭群内的5只成年雄性海南长臂猿为研究对象,在旱季通过非损伤取样法及宏基因组学技术对采集到的粪便中的微生物进行测序分析和功能注释。结果表明:成年雄性海南长臂猿肠道优势细菌菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,(55.78±9.19)%)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,(33.13±11.88)%),优势菌属为普雷沃菌属(Prevotella,(23.09±9.68)%)和梭菌属(Clostridium,(4.12±1.22)%);优势真菌属为根孢囊霉属(Rhizophagus,(26.13±11.29)%)和新美鞭菌属(Neocallimastix,(11.24±3.14)%);优势古菌属为甲烷短杆菌属(Methanobrevibacter,(13.99±1.50)%);其肠道中的病毒种类多为肌尾噬菌体(Myoviridae,(26.90±11.74)%)、长尾噬菌体(Siphoviridae,(20.71±7.73)%)和微小噬菌体(Microviridae,(18.28±14.34)%)等对宿主无害的噬菌体。肠道微生物基因功能注释结果表明大部分基因与新陈代谢相关,如碳水化合物代谢、氨基酸代谢和核苷酸代谢等,海南长臂猿肠道优势菌群与海南长臂猿的食性相吻合,这对了解该极危物种的肠道微生态特征及其功能有重要意义。
There are a large number of bacterial communities inhabit the intestines of mammals,which are closely related to the host s digestion and absorption,energy metabolism,immunologic defense and other life activities.Hainan gibbon(Nomascus hainanus)is one of the most endangered primates in the world,and the existing Hainan gibbon has small population,narrow distribution range and high risk of inbreeding,which has not been rid of the risk of species extinction.At present,there is a lack of research on the intestinal microecology of the existing population of this species.Therefore,this study was conducted in Hainan Tropical Rain Forest National Park,five adult male Hainan gibbons from four family groups were chosen as the research object;and in the dry season,we used non-invasive sampling and metagenomics technology to sequence and analyze the microorganisms in the collected feces.The results showed that:the dominant bacteria phylum in the intestinal of adult male Hainan gibbons were Firmicutes(55.78±9.19)%and Bacteroidetes(33.13±11.88)%,and the dominant bacteria genus were Prevotella(23.09±9.68)%and Clostridium(4.12±1.22)%.The dominant fungi genus were Rhizophagus(26.13±11.29)%and Neocallimastix(11.24±3.14)%.The dominant Archaea genus was Methanobrevibacter(13.99±1.50)%.The types of viruses in their intestines were mainly Myoviridae(26.90±11.74)%,Siphoviridae(20.71±7.73)%and Microviridae(18.28±14.34)%,which were harmless to the host.The results of gene function annotation of intestinal microorganisms showed that most genes were related to metabolism,such as carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,nucleotide metabolism and so on.Our research findings suggested that the dominant intestinal microorganisms of Hainan gibbon was consistent with its feeding habits,which was of great significance to understand the intestinal micro-ecological characteristics and functions of this critically endangered species.
作者
李依蒙
毕玉
金崑
LI Yimeng;BI Yu;JIN Kun(Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing,100091,China;Beijing Museum of Natural History,Beijing,100050,China;Hainan Institute of National Park,Haikou,570100,China;Research Institute of Natural Protected Area,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing,100091,China;Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing,100091,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2022年第3期668-675,共8页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
海南国家公园研究院委托课题(KY-2000102-KT)。
关键词
海南长臂猿
肠道微生物
宏基因组
Hainan gibbon(Nomascus hainanus)
Intestinal microorganisms
Metagenome
