摘要
【目的】为我国甘肃地区大果沙棘枝枯病的发生和防控提供参考。【方法】利用组织分离法,在采集自甘肃省庆阳市的沙棘枝枯病样品中分离病原菌,应用柯赫氏法则对病原菌的致病性进行验证,通过形态学和分子鉴定,明确病原菌的分类地位。在不同培养基、光照、温度、培养基pH、碳源、氮源条件下,每日采用十字交叉法测量病原菌菌落直径,并于培养10 d后采用血球计数法计算孢子产量。【结果】形态学鉴定结果表明,致病菌的大型分生孢子数量多,呈镰刀状,中度弯曲,具有3~5个明显的隔膜。结合分子鉴定结果,对以其ITS序列和EF序列构建的系统发育树进行分析,结果表明甘肃省庆阳市沙棘枝枯病的致病菌为拟枝孢镰刀菌Fusarium sporotrichioides。病原菌的生物学特性研究结果表明,在PDA培养基上拟枝孢镰刀菌菌丝生长速度较快,在CMA培养基上产孢量最大,每毫升培养基上产孢量为5.24×10^(5)。利于菌丝生长的条件:全黑暗条件、25℃、培养基pH 6、蔗糖碳源,酵母浸膏氮源。利于产孢的条件:全黑暗条件、25℃、培养基pH 6、蔗糖碳源、甘氨酸氮源。【结论】在甘肃省庆阳市的沙棘枝枯病病原菌为拟枝孢镰刀菌,该致病菌的适应性较强。
【Objective】The purpose of this study is to provide the reference for the stem wilt identification and control of the big fruit sea buckthorn in Gansu province.【Method】By using tissue separation method,selected samples of Hippophae rhamnoides in Qingyang city,Gansu province,and the isolated strains of pathogenic fungi were identified.Outdoor potted inoculation method was adopted to satisfy Koch’s rule.The biological characteristics of the pathogen were studied,and the mycelial growth and spore yield were measured in different culture conditions(medium,light,temperature,pH value,carbon and nitrogen source treatment).【Result】According to morphological identification,the number of large conidia of pathogenic fungi was large,with knife shape,moderate curvature and 3-5 distinct septa.Combining with molecular identification methods,the phylogenetic tree constructed by ITS and EF sequences was analyzed,which identified that Fusarium sporotrichioides was the pathogenic fungi of sea buckthorn stem wilt disease in Qingyang,Gansu Province.The biological characteristics of F.sporotrichioides was studied.The results showed that the hyphal growth rate of F.sporotrichioides in G1-5-1 PDA medium was higher than that in CMA medium,the spore yield of mycelium was 5.24×10^(5) seeds·mL^(-1).Conditions conducive to mycelial growth include total darkness,25℃temperature,pH 6,sucrose as carbon source and yeast extract as nitrogen source.The optimum conditions for sporulation were as follows:total darkness,25℃temperature,pH 6,sucrose as carbon source and glycine as nitrogen source.【Conclusion】The pathogen of sea buckthorn stem wilt found in Qingyang city of Gansu province was identified as F.sporotrichioide,and its biological characteristics showed that the pathogen had strong adaptability.This study provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the disease.
作者
陈悦
王欣悦
胡建忠
闫晓玲
吴元华
韩严锋
夏博
CHEN Yue;WANG Xinyue;HU Jianzhong;YAN Xiaoling;WU Yuanhua;HAN Yanfeng;XIA Bo(Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,Liaoning,China;Seabuckthorn Development and Management Center,Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China;Xifeng Scientific Experimental Station for Soil and Water Conservation,Water Conservancy Commission of the Yellow River,Qingyang 745000,Gansu,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2022年第2期191-200,266,共11页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
水利部沙棘开发管理中心沙棘病虫害研究专项(2019-zk-kj-012)
水利部财政项目“水土保持业务”(126216223000200001)
国家自然科学基金项目(31400611)。
关键词
沙棘
沙棘枝枯病
拟枝孢镰刀菌
病原鉴定
生物学特性
sea buckthorn
sea buckthorn stem wilt
Fusarium sporotrichioide
pathogen identification
biological characteristics
