摘要
在全面深化改革新时期,改革试点更加强调国家的规划引领。本文以广东省江门市江海区全国农村社区治理实验区建设为案例,展现了国家改革试点场域中国家引领性与基层自主性之间的张力互动和契合逻辑。研究发现:国家在新时期的改革试点中注重顶层设计,承接改革试点的基层政府在剩余空间中常常以程式化的党政统合动员方式完成改革试点任务。在触发动因上,改革试点的启动既体现上级的吸纳与控制,也反映基层政府自身的治理需求。在运行机制上,诱导性目标契合与自主性政治动员在保障试点场域中国家引领性的同时,通过分离正式权威和实质权威、下放给基层政府剩余控制权来发挥基层的自主性。在效能实现上,改革试点实现了自上而下的政府有效性和自下而上的社会有效性的双重有效性,增进了民众的政治合法性认同。但引领型治理也有一体两面的内在问题,在治理结构上表现为国家整体治理同民众个体获得之间的张力,在治理实践中体现为国家权力过载和行政吸纳政治。本文将改革试点的国家逻辑和基层逻辑结合起来讨论,延伸了研究视域,其中所体现出的引领型治理是阐释“中国之治”的重要视角。
In the new era of comprehensively deepening reforms,the pilot reforms put more emphasis on the state’s planning and guidance.This article takes Jianghai District,Jiangmen City,Guangdong Province as an example and shows the tension interaction and logic between state leadership and grassroots autonomy in the national reform pilot field.The study finds that the state pays attention to the top-level design in the reform pilots in the new period,and the grassroots governments that undertake the reform pilots often complete their tasks in the remaining space in a stylized way of party-government integration and mobilization.In terms of triggering factors,the start of the reform pilot program not only comes from the absorption and control of the superiors,but also reflectsthe governance needs of the grassroots government itself.In terms of operating mechanism,the alignment of inductive goals and autonomous political mobilization not only guarantees the leadership of the state in the pilot field,but also exerts the autonomy of the grassroots by separating formal authority from substantive authority and delegating residual control to the grassroots government.In terms of effectiveness,the pilot reforms have achieved the dual effectiveness of top-down government effectiveness and bottom-up social effectiveness,enhancing the political legitimacy of the masses.However,leading governance also has inherent problems of one body and two sides.The governance structure is manifested in the discord between the overall governance of the country and the individual acquisition of citizens.In the governance practice,it is manifested in the overload of state power and the political absorption of the administration.This study discusses the national logic and grassroots logic of the reform pilot,extending the research horizon,and the leading governance embodied in it is an important perspective to explain the"rule of China".
作者
陈荣卓
胡恩超
CHEN Rongzhuo;HU Enchao
出处
《中国农村观察》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期2-20,共19页
China Rural Survey
基金
研究阐释党的十九届六中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“党的十八大以来推进社会主义基层民主政治建设的实践和经验研究”(编号:22ZDA064)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
国家治理
基层治理
改革试点
农村社区
National Governance
Grassroots Governance
Reform Pilot
Rural Community
