摘要
目的 分析2016-2020年郑州市法定传染病流行特征,为制定传染病控制策略提供科学依据。方法 运用描述性流行病学法,对2016-2020年郑州市法定传染病发病概况、时间分布、地区分布、人群特征以及突发公共卫生事件特征进行分析。结果 2016-2020年郑州市报告法定传染病29种402 438例,年均发病率894.68/10万。发病率顺位居前5位的病种依次为流行性感冒、手足口病、其他感染性腹泻病、乙肝和肺结核,发病率分别为276.35/10万、206.26/10万、194.42/10万、70.95/10万和35.95/10万,发病数共计350 028例,占传染病发病总数的86.98%。每年12月至次年1月为发病高峰;发病率前三位为金水区(1 313.75/10万)、惠济区(1 271.82/10万)、管城区(1 162.65/10万);男女性别比为1.33∶1,主要集中在0~5岁(50.63%)、16~40岁(16.69%);发病人群以散居儿童(36.39%)、幼托儿童(15.57%)、学生(13.46%)为主。报告传染病突发公共卫生事件72起,占突发公共卫生事件总数的96.00%。结论2016-2020年郑州市传染病疫情形势较为严峻,整体上乙类传染病呈波动下降趋势,丙类传染病呈波动上升趋势,应针对重点人群和高发传染病制定防治策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases from 2016 to 2020 in Zhengzhou, and provide scientific evidence for formulating the control strategy of infectious diseases. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the incidence, time and regional distribution, population characteristics, and characteristics of public health emergencies of notifiable infectious diseases in Zhengzhou from 2016 to 2020. Results There were 402 438 cases of 29 kinds of notifiable infectious diseases reported in Zhengzhou from 2016-2020,representing the average annual incidence of 405.45/l0~5. The top five infectious diseases with the highest incidence were influenza, hand -foot -mouth disease,other infection diarrhea,syphilis and viral hepatitis,and tuberculosis, and the incidences of them were 276.35/l0~5, 206.26/l0~5, 194.42/l0~5, 70.95/l0~5, and 35.95/l0~5, respectively. The total number of cases for the five diseases was 350 028, accounting for 86.98% of the total cases for all notifiable infectious diseases. The peak season of notifiable infectious diseases occurred from December to January of the next year. The top three regions with highest incidence rate included Jinshui district (1 313.75/10~5), and HuiJi district (1 271.82/10~5),Guancheng district (1 162.65/10~5). The ratio of male to female was 1.33:1, which was mainly concentrated in the groups of 0~5 years old (50.63%) and 16~40 years old (16.69%). Children living scattered (36.39%), preschool children(15.57%) and students (13.46%) were the main population. In total, 72 public health emergencies of infectious diseases were reported, accounting for 96.00% of the total public health emergencies. Conclusion The epidemic situation of infectious diseases in Zhengzhou was rather severe from 2016 to 2020. On the whole, class-B infectious diseases showed a downward trend with fluctuation, and class -C infectious diseases showed an upward trend of volatility. The prevention and control strategies should be formulated for key populations and high incidence infectious diseases.
作者
袁媛
李国伟
于成林
陈伟
宋彩娟
徐兰英
YUAN Yuan;LI Guowei;YU Chenglin;CHEN Wei;SONG Caijuan;XU Lanying(Zhongyuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhen^hou,Henan 450006,China;Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Preve ntion;He nan Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《河南预防医学杂志》
2022年第7期514-517,共4页
Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
2019年度河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(LHGJ20190701)。
关键词
法定传染病
疫情
发病率
突发公共卫生事件
Notifiable infectious diseases
Epidemic situation
Incidence
Public health emergency
