摘要
国家具有两重性,即一方面是政治制度或上层建筑,另一方面又是经济制度或经济基础的一部分,这是现实存在的社会主义、包括中国特色社会主义的重要特征。本文梳理了国家两重性学说发展的过程。十月革命后,布哈林在与普列奥布拉任斯基的争论中,最早提出了无产阶级专政下国家的两重性问题。在中国,从20世纪50年代开始,马克思主义财政学家通过讨论财政两重性触及了国家两重性问题。20世纪80年代林岗等人进一步明确和深化了这一问题,指出国家两重性既造成了国家的非政治化,也造成了国家经济行为的政治化。近年来,相关研究结合社会主义初级阶段基本经济制度,探讨了国家两重性在社会主义市场经济条件下的表现形式。国家两重性学说是历史唯物主义思想的运用和发展,是理解中国特色社会主义市场经济、乃至现代市场经济的方法论前提。
The state has dual nature,that is,on the one hand,it is political institution or superstructure,and on the other hand,it is economic institution or a part of the economic base,which is the characteristic of the existing socialist economy,including the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics.This paper sorts out the process of the development of the duality theory of the state.After the October Revolution,Bukharin raised the issue of the duality of the state under the dictatorship of the proletariat in his debate with Preobrazhensky firstly.In our country,Marxist experts on public finance have touched on the duality of the state by studying the duality of socialist public finance from the 1950 s.Lin Gang further clarified and deepened this problem,pointing out that the duality of the state has resulted in the depoliticization of the state and the politicization of the state’s economic behavior.In recent years,relevant researchers have analyzed the manifestations of the duality of the state under the conditions of the socialist market economy in combination with the basic economic institutions in the primary stage of socialism.As the application and development of historical materialism,the duality theory of the state is the theoretical premise for understanding the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics and even the modern market economy.
作者
孟捷
MENG Jie(Fudan University,Shanghai,200433)
出处
《中国经济问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期44-54,共11页
China Economic Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA056)。
关键词
国家两重性
历史唯物主义
财政两重性
中国特色社会主义政治经济学
the duality of state
historical materialism
the duality of public finance
socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics
