摘要
目的调查柳江河沿岸耕作土壤、农作物重金属污染状况,并进行风险评估。方法2021年1—6月柳江河沿岸露塘段至红花水电站段,按照每10 km的距离确定暴露调查点,采集柳江河沿岸8个河道断面两岸1 km范围内表层耕作土壤16份、农作物12份样品进行镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铜(Cu)和锌(Zn)6种重金属含量检测,采用单因子污染评价指数法、潜在生态风险指数法进行评价。结果柳江沿岸耕作土壤6种重金属(Cd、Pb、Hg、As、Cu和Zn)平均含量分别为0.78、27.99、0.12、22.36、21.88、104.55 mg/kg,均超过全国土壤背景值;单因子污染评价指数结果显示,耕作土壤中Cd的Pi值为2.61,存在中度污染;潜在生态风险指数结果表明,耕作土壤重金属的生态风险状况总体处于高生态风险,综合生态风险指数为425.94,不同重金属潜在生态风险顺序为Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Zn。而农作物中汞含量均小于检出限,其余5种重金属(Cd、Pb、As、Cu和Zn)平均含量分别为0.04、0.03、0.01、0.47、4.69 mg/kg;潜在生态风险指数结果显示,其余5种重金属潜在生态风险均为轻度生态风险,不同重金属潜在生态风险顺序为Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb>As,综合生态风险指数为16.59,生态风险较低。结论柳江沿岸耕作土壤重金属Cd存在一定程度的潜在风险,农作物重金属存在的风险不明显。
Objective To investigate the pollution status of heavy metals in cultivated soils and crops along the bank of Liujiang River,conduct the risk assessment.Methods From January to June in 2021,the exposure investigation points were determined from Lutang section to Honghua hydropower station section of the Liujiang River according to the distance of every 10 km.16samples of surface cultivated soils and 12 samples of crops were collected within 1 km of eight river sections along the Liujiang River,to detect the contents of six heavy metals,including cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),mercury(Hg),arsenic(As),copper(Cu)and zinc(Zn).The evaluation was performed by the single factor pollution index method and the potential ecological risk index method.Results The average content of six heavy metals(Cd,Pb,Hg,As,Cu and Zn)in cultivated soils along bank of Liujiang River was 0.78,27.99,0.12,22.36,21.88 and 104.55 mg/kg,respectively,which were all higher than the national background values.The results of single factor pollution evaluation index showed that the Pi value of Cd in cultivated soils was 2.61,indicating the moderate pollution.The results of potential ecological risk index showed that the of heavy metals in cultivated soils was in the high ecological risk,with the synthetic ecological risk index of 425.94,and the order of potential ecological risk of heavy metals was Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Zn.The mercury content in crops was less than the detection limit,the average content of the other five heavy metals(Cd,Pb,As,Cu and Zn)was 0.04,0.03,0.01,0.47 and 4.69 mg/kg,respectively.The results of potential ecological risk index showed that the other five heavy metals were all in the light ecological risk.The order of potential ecological risk of heavy metals was Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb>As,with the synthetic ecological risk index of 16.59,indicating the low ecological risk.Conclusion There is a potential risk of heavy metal Cd in cultivated soils along the bank of Liujiang River,but the risk of heavy metal in crops is not obvious.
作者
李艳飞
李德洁
覃芸
LI Yan-fei;LI De-jie;QIN Yun(Institute of Environmental and School Health Control,Liuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liuzhou Guangxi,545007,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2022年第14期1941-1943,1947,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20200022)。
关键词
耕作土壤
农作物
重金属
风险评价
Cultivated soils
Crops
Heavy metals
Risk assessment
