摘要
基于流域水环境精细化管理的需求,结合当前流域水污染物排放管控体系尚不健全、高精度水污染物排放清单研究不足的问题,以湟水流域为例,基于环境统计数据和社会经济数据,构建了包括工业源、城镇生活源、畜禽养殖源等点源与农村生活源、农业种植面源及城市径流面源的全口径水环境污染物排放清单,并在此基础上,利用空间分析方法分析了污染物排放的空间分布与热点区域。结果表明:湟水流域生活源与农业种植面源已取代工业源成为主要污染物排放来源,污染源沿主要河流呈条带状分布,热点区域位于北川河中下游、云谷川河下游和小南川河下游等区域;2015年以来湟水流域水污染物排放量与污染负荷呈明显降低。研究结果表明,湟水流域亟需针对性地控制农业面源污染和制定水系带状污染的防治措施。
The refined management of watershed water environment is facing with an imperfect water pollutant discharge control and the insufficient researches on the igh-precision pollutant discharge.Taking the Huangshui River basin as an example,based on the environmental statistical data and socio-economic data,a comprehensive discharge list of water environmental pollutants is built,including point source,such as industrial sources,urban livestock and poultry breeding,and non-point source of rural life and agricultural planting as well as urban runoff.On this basis,using spatial analysis methods for analyzing the spatial distribution of pollutant discharge and hot spots.The results show that the domestic and agricultural non-point sources are the main pollutant discharge source,replacing the industrial source in the Huangshui River Basin.The pollution sources are distributed along the main rivers with a zonal pattern.The hot spots are located in the middle and lower reaches of the Beichuan River,the lower reaches of Yunguchuan River,and the lower reaches of Xiaonanchuan River.Since 2015,the water pollutant discharge and pollution loadings in the Huangshui River Basin have been significantly reduced.Based on the results,it is urgent to control the non-point agricultural pollution in Huangshui River Basin and to formulate the prevention and control measures in the water system.
作者
殷炳超
赵琰鑫
YIN Bingchao;ZHAO Yanxin(Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning,Center for Ecological Environment in Yangtze River Economic Belt,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《环境保护科学》
CAS
2022年第4期68-73,共6页
Environmental Protection Science
基金
青海重大科技专项(2018-SF-A4)。
关键词
污染源
排放清单
热点区域
湟水流域
空间分析
水环境污染
water pollution source
discharge list
hot spot area
Huangshui River Basin
spatial analysis
water environment pollutant
