摘要
高纯净度钢的生产是钢铁企业面临的重大课题,在钢液中获得尺寸可控、弥散分布的气泡是去除细小夹杂物、生产高品质钢的重要手段.微细异相净化钢液技术是一种基于碳酸盐分解反应生产微小气泡与渣滴去除细小夹杂物的技术,近年来该技术的研发越来越受到冶金工作者的重视,部分新技术已被开发并趋于成熟.本文从微细异相净化钢水技术原理出发,详细介绍了微细异相净化钢水技术研究的最新进展,归纳总结了微细异相去除细小夹杂物、脱硫、脱磷、渣料迁移、RH快速脱碳及中间包长水口喷粉工艺特点及作用机理,并对其在工程领域应用亟待解决的问题及未来发展方向进行了展望.
The production of high purity steel is a major issue for iron and steel enterprises.Obtaining bubbles with controllable size and dispersed distribution in liquid steel is an important method for removing fine inclusions and producing high-quality steel.Microheterogeneous purification of molten steel technology is a carbonate decomposition reaction-based process that generates fine bubbles and slag droplets to eradicate small inclusions.On this basis,composite spheres(powders)with various metallurgical functions are designed,and industrial field tests are carried out at ANSTEEL.The results show that the microheterogeneous purification of molten steel is a low-cost,high-efficiency,simple,and easy molten steel purification technology.The carbonate composite sphere(powder)can cause dispersion,microbubbles,and slag droplets in the molten steel.Its size is 0.02–0.2 mm,and the size distribution and slag droplet composition can be controlled.Rapid dephosphorization and slag-forward movement can be achieved by feeding composite balls during converter tapping.For low phosphorus steel,the minimum phosphorus content can reach 0.002%(in mass,the same below)and the dephosphorization efficiency is>50%.The slag-forward movement process can reduce the temperature drop during molten steel transmission,promote rapid slag formation in ladle furnace(LF)refining,increase the LF heating rate by 2°C·min–1,and shorten the refining LF treatment cycle by 3–5 min.The addition of composite spheres in the Rheinstahl–Heraeus(RH)refining process can remove fine inclusions and provide deep desulfurization.The inclusion of free molten steel in the interstitial can be effectively removed.Compared to conventional inclusion removal technology,the number of the oxide inclusions can be reduced,and the inclusion size becomes finer.The total oxygen(mass fraction)in the as-cast slab can approach 5×10^(-6) using this novel technology,and the steel production cost per ton can be reduced by 5–12 RMB.The sulfur content of ultralow carbon nonoriented silicon steel can be consistently controlled below 0.002%,and the desulfurization efficiency is>50%.Recently,the advancement of this process has piqued the attention of metallurgical workers,and some new technologies have emerged and matured.Based on the principle of microheterogeneous purification of molten steel process,this paper introduces the latest progress of microheterogeneous purification of molten steel technology in detail,summarizes the characteristics and mechanism of microheterogeneous removal of fine inclusions,desulfurization,dephosphorization,slag migration,and RH rapid decarbonization,and looks forward to the problems to be solved in the engineering field and the future developments.
作者
王晓峰
栗红
曹东
康伟
常桂华
邓志银
顾超
WANG Xiao-feng;LI Hong;CAO Dong;KANG Wei;CHANG Gui-hua;DENG Zhi-yin;GU Chao(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;ANSTEEL Corporation,Anshan 114051,China;School of Metallurgy,Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110089,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《工程科学学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期1538-1547,共10页
Chinese Journal of Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174320)
陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2020GY-109)。
关键词
洁净钢
夹杂物去除
小气泡
渣滴
脱磷
脱硫
clean steel
inclusion removal
fine bubbles
slag droplet
dephosphorization
desulphurization
