摘要
灌木是森林生态系统中的重要组成部分,探究灌木层的物种组成、结构和空间分布可以为进一步阐明森林物种共存、生物多样性维持和群落演替机制奠定基础。本研究分析了秦岭皇冠25 hm^(2)森林样地灌木层的物种组成、空间分布以及物种多样性。结果表明:样地内灌木独立个体共20716株(分枝10463个),隶属于28科45属54种。灌木层优势种的优势度不明显,重要值均<10。灌木层植被的径级结构为倒“J”型;灌木在样地内呈聚集分布且空间分布存在明显的海拔差异。样地内个体数最多的9种灌木的径级结构和空间分布与灌木层整体情况一致。随着海拔升高,Shannon多样性指数(H)和Simpson优势度指数(D)变化不显著,而Pielou均匀度指数(E)降低。多样性指数H、D、E随乔木层优势种个数增加而降低,E随亚乔木层优势种个数增加而升高。多样性指数H、D、E与土壤全磷呈显著负相关;H与土壤pH呈显著正相关,E与土壤全钾呈显著正相关。本研究区灌木层物种丰富,结构稳定,更新良好;灌木层的物种多样性主要受到乔木层优势种个数和土壤pH、全磷的影响。
Shrub is an important part of forest ecosystem.Exploring the species composition,structure and spatial distribution of shrub layer can lay an important foundation for further clarifying the mechanisms underlying species coexistence,biodiversity maintenance and community succession.In this study,species composition,spatial distribution,and species diversity of shrub layer were analyzed in 25 hm^(2)of Huangguan forest plot.A total of 20716 individual shrubs(with 10463 branches)were recorded in the plot,belonging to 54 species,45 genera,28 families.The status of dominant species in the shrub layer was not obvious,with all the importance values being less than 10.The diameter structure of shrub layer vegetation was inverted‘J’type.Shrubs showed aggregated distribution in the plot,with obvious altitude differences in spatial distribution.The diameter structure and spatial distribution of the nine shrub species with the largest abundance in the plot were consistent with the overall situation of shrub layer.With increasing altitude,the Shannon diversity index(H)and Simpson dominance index(D)did not change significantly,while the Pielou evenness index(E)decreased.Those indices decreased with the increases of the abundance of dominant species in tree layer,and E increased with the increase of the number of dominant species in sub⁃tree layer.The indices of H,D,E were significantly negatively correlated with soil total phosphorus(TP).The H index was significantly positively correlated with soil pH,and the E index was significantly positively correlated with soil total potassium.The shrub layer was rich in species,stable in community structure and well regenerated.The species diversity of shrub layer was mainly affected by the number of dominant species in the tree layer,soil pH,and TP.
作者
郭香瑶
罗颖
尹秋龙
杨治春
贾仕宏
郝占庆
GUO Xiang-yao;LUO Ying;YIN Qiu-long;YANG Zhi-chun;JIA Shi-hong;HAO Zhan-qing(School of Ecology and Environment,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期2017-2026,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(4210011365,32001171,32001120)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M680158)
陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2020KRM090)资助。
关键词
灌木层
物种组成
空间分布
物种多样性
shrub layer
species composition
spatial distribution
species diversity
