摘要
面波是影响地震资料品质的主要因素之一,压制面波干扰是地震资料处理的重要步骤之一.传统的面波压制方法在时频分辨率以及处理结果的信噪比方面存在固有缺陷,不利于面波能量的压制.本文将同步挤压小波变换推广至一维空间域,并提出了一种使用时域和空域同步挤压小波变换联合压制面波干扰的新方法.该方法首先利用时域同步挤压小波变换分离原始地震记录中的面波,为减少分离过程可能对低频有效信号造成的损伤,将初次分离出的低频数据体进行空域同步挤压小波变换,得到空间波数谱,确定面波区域并对该区域同步挤压小波系数充零,压制面波干扰,提取有效信号,将提取出的有效信号重构结果叠加到已分离面波的地震记录中,实现对面波干扰的联合压制.理论和实际资料处理表明,时域同步挤压小波变换和空域同步挤压小波变换联合方法能在有效压制面波干扰的同时,极大程度减少了对有效信号的损害,提高了地震资料的信噪比.
Ground roll is one of the main factors affecting the quality of seismic data.Suppressing ground roll is one of the vital steps in seismic data processing.Traditional ground roll suppression methods have inherent defects in time-frequency resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of processing results,which is not conducive to ground roll energy suppression.In this paper,the synchrosqueezing wavelet transform is extended to one-dimensional spatial domain,and a new method for suppressing ground roll by using synchrosqueezing wavelet transform in time domain and spatial domain is proposed.Firstly,the time-domain synchrosqueezing wavelet transform is used to separate the ground roll in the original seismic record.In order to reduce the damage to the low-frequency effective signal caused by the separation process,the first separated low-frequency data volume is subjected to the spatial synchrosqueezing wavelet transform to obtain the spatial wavenumber spectrum,determine the ground roll area,zero the coefficient in the area,suppress the ground roll and extract the effective signal,the extracted effective signal reconstruction results are superimposed on the separated ground roll seismic records to realize the joint suppression of ground roll.The synthetic and actual data processing results show that the combined method of time-domain synchrosqueezing wavelet transform and spatial-domain synchrosqueezing wavelet transform can effectively suppress the ground roll,greatly reduce the damage to the effective signal and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data.
作者
林浩然
邢磊
刘怀山
李倩倩
张洪茂
LIN HaoRan;XING Lei;LIU HuaiShan;LI QianQian;ZHANG HongMao(Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques,MOE,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resource,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,China)
出处
《地球物理学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期3569-3583,共15页
Chinese Journal of Geophysics
基金
国家自然科学基金(91958206,91858215)
山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GHY112019)
海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室开放课题基金(SGPT-20210F-06)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202161013)联合资助。
关键词
时空域
同步挤压
小波变换
面波压制
Time-spatial domain
Synchrosqueezing
Wavelet transform
Ground roll suppression
