摘要
碘缺乏病主要包括地方性克汀病、地方性甲状腺肿,属于内科常见甲状腺疾病。碘缺乏病发作后患者有明显的症状,如吞咽困难、声音嘶哑、咳嗽剧烈等。碘缺乏病临床发病机制主要与环境中缺碘有关,导致患者体内碘摄入不足,从而引发多种综合性症状。我国地域辽阔,许多山区土壤以及食物当中含碘量低,导致患者出现相关疾病。根据临床调查研究显示,妊娠期女性如果出现碘缺乏病可能导致胎儿发育迟缓甚至死亡,青少年患有碘缺乏病,将严重影响其身体发育,损伤其智力状况。碘缺乏病临床防治主要以碘补充为主,目前相关机构对于碘缺乏病的防治工作进行了深入研究,现已经取得了一定成果。因此,本文将针对临床碘缺乏病的研究进程、流行现状及防治措施进展进行综述,总结相关工作开展成果,旨在提高碘缺乏病的防治水平,降低相关疾病的发生率,为碘缺乏病的临床治疗提供参考方案。
Iodine deficiency disorders mainly include endemic cretinism and endemic goiter,which are common thyroid diseases in internal medicine.After the onset of iodine deficiency disorders,patients have obvious symptoms,such as dysphagia,hoarseness,severe cough and so on.The clinical pathogenesis of iodine deficiency disorders is mainly related to iodine deficiency in the environment,resulting in insufficient iodine intake in patients and a variety of consequent comprehensive symptoms.China has a vast territory,and the iodine content in soil and food in many mountainous areas is low,cause patients to have related diseases.According to clinical investigation and research,if pregnant women have iodine deficiency disorders,it may lead to fetal growth retardation or even death.Teenagers suffered from iodine deficiency disorders will seriously affect their physical development and damage their intellectual status.The clinical prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders mainly focuses on iodine supplement.At present,relevant institutions have conducted in-depth research on the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders,and have achieved certain results.Therefore,this paper will summarize the research process,the epidemic status and the progress of prevention and control strategies of clinical iodine deficiency disorders,and summarize the results of relevant work,in order to improve the prevention and treatment level of iodine deficiency disorders,reduce the incidence of related diseases and provid the reference scheme for the clinical treatment of iodine deficiency disorders.
作者
蔡粼波
柳光斌
CAI Lin-bo;LIU Guang-bin(Department of Public Health,Tianjin Nankai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300113,China)
出处
《中国城乡企业卫生》
2022年第7期43-45,共3页
Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene
关键词
碘缺乏病
人体微量元素
甲状腺功能
防治策略
Iodine deficiency disorders
Trace elements in human body
Thyroid function
Prevention and treatment measures
