摘要
防御素作为广泛分布于动植物和微生物体内的一类抗菌肽,在抵抗感染性病原体的先天免疫防御中发挥着重要作用。许多防御素能够形成保守的由3条β-链组成的反平行β-折叠片核心结构。分子内二硫键维持该三级结构的稳定性和活性。植物、真菌和无脊椎动物防御素形成相同的CSαβ模体结构。防御素能够通过膜透化破坏膜屏障、直接靶向脂质Ⅱ抑制细胞壁生物合成、中和分泌的毒素来减少细菌感染以及在细菌周围形成“纳米网”捕获细菌等多种抗菌机制杀死或抑制细菌生长。防御素在先天免疫中的生物学功能、结构和活性的关系、作用机制和治疗潜力仍然是目前研究的热点。论文对几种不同来源防御素的结构,防御素结构与功能的关系以及防御素抗菌机制的研究进展进行了综述,以期为解决临床耐药问题提供参考。
Defensins are a class of antimicrobial peptides widely distributed in animals,plants and microorganisms.They play an important role in innate immune defense against infectious pathogens.These peptides share a conserved three-dimensional structure consisting of three antiparallelβ-strands that are stabilized by disulfide bonds.Defensins from plants,fungi,and invertebrates share the CSαβmotif.Defensins are capable of killing bacteria or inhibiting bacterial growth through a multiplicity of antimicrobial mechanisms such as direct or indirect membrane permeabilization,inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis,reduce bacterial infection by neutralizing secreted toxins.Defensins can also oligomerize into“nanonets”that entrap the bacteria.At present,the biological function in innate immunity,relationship between structure and activity,action mechanism and therapeutic potential of defensins are still the focus of research.We summarized the progress on the defensin structure from different sources,the relationship between structure and function,and the antibacterial mechanisms of defensins.The summary can provide reference for solving the clinical drug resistance.
作者
杨江流
宋青山
乔军伟
贾芳
YANG Jiang-liu;SONG Qing-shan;QIAO Jun-wei;JIA Fang(Department of Medicine,Hetao College,BayanNur,Inner Mongolia,015000,China;Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China,Yinchuan,Ningxia,750021,China)
出处
《动物医学进展》
北大核心
2022年第9期114-118,共5页
Progress In Veterinary Medicine
基金
河套学院自然科学研究项目(HYZQ201636)。
关键词
防御素
结构与功能
抗菌机制
defensin
structure and function
antibacterial mechanism
