摘要
铀尾矿库属于特殊核设施,是核工业铀矿冶系统最主要的环境辐射污染源,铀尾矿库滩面控氡一直是生态环境修复的重大难题。采用堆砌物理模型进行对照试验,分析覆土植被修复后铀尾矿库滩面氡析出及温湿度特征,并采用R/S分析法分析植被覆盖对滩面温度变化及氡析出率的影响。结果表明:植被修复后铀尾矿库滩面温度变化程度降低,氡析出率降低,植被覆盖后氡析出率维持在0.31 Bq/(m^(2)·s)以下,相较于单层红土覆盖氡析出率峰值下降74%,相较于多层覆土覆盖,氡析出率峰值下降45%,氡析出率波动程度降低,单层红土覆盖层、多层覆土覆盖层氡析出率标准差分别为0.345、0.123 Bq/(m^(2)·s);植被培养至平均株高17cm、30cm时氡析出率标准差为0.027、0.062 Bq/(m^(2)·s),氡析出率震荡区间减小,稳定性增加。该研究从铀尾矿库滩面度温度变化和氡析出率震荡程度两个方面分析植被覆盖对铀尾矿库滩面的影响,可以对铀尾矿库生态修复方案提供技术支撑。
Uranium tailings pond belongs to special nuclear facilities and is the main environmental radiation pollution source of uranium mining and metallurgy system of nuclear industry.Radon control in beach surface of uranium tailings pond has always been a major problem in ecological environment restoration.A stack physical model was used to analyze the characteristics of radon exhalation and temperature and humidity on beach surface of uranium tailings pond after soil covering and vegetation restoration,and effects of vegetation cover on temperature change and radon exhalation rate on beach surface were analyzed by R/S analysis method.The results show that after vegetation restoration,both the change of beach surface temperature of uranium tailings pond and radon exhalation rate drop.After vegetation coverage,the radon exhalation rate remains below 0.31 Bq/(m^(2)·s),which the peak value of radon exhalation rate drops by 74%and 45%compared with single-layer laterite coverage and multi-layer laterite coverage respectively.The fluctuation degree of radon exhalation rate drops,and the fluctuation degree of single-layer laterite coverage and the standard deviation of radon exhalation rate of multi-layer soil overburden is 0.345 and 0.123 Bq/(m^(2)·s)respectively.When the average plant height is 17 cm and 30 cm,the standard deviation of radon exhalation rate is 0.027 and 0.062 Bq/(m^(2)·s)respectively.The fluctuation range of radon exhalation rate drops and the stability rises.This study analyzes the impact of vegetation cover on the beach surface of uranium tailings pond from two aspects,i.e.,the temperature change of beach surface of uranium tailings pond and the fluctuation degree of radon exhalation rate,so as to provide technical support for ecological restoration scheme of uranium tailings pond.
作者
李向阳
陈振兴
汪弘
洪昌寿
刘洪龙
张站源
LI Xiang-yang;CHEN Zhen-xing;WANG Hong;HONG Chang-shou;LIU Hong-long;ZHANG Zhan-yuan(School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China;Hunan Uranium Tailings Pond Decommissioning Treatment Technology Engineering Technology Research Center,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China)
出处
《有色金属（冶炼部分）》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第8期113-120,共8页
Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)
基金
国防科工局“十三五”技术基础科研项目(JSZL2018403B001)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(11875164)
2021年度湖南省环保科研项目(HBKT-2021024)。
关键词
铀尾矿库
植被修复
氡析出率
温湿度
R/S分析
uranium tailings pond
vegetation restoration
radon exhalation rate
temperature and humidity
R/S analysis
