摘要
为了在种植高效型玉米品种时能够更合理的施用氮肥,提高氮肥利用效率,本试验以低氮高效型玉米品种‘京农科728’和高氮高效型玉米品种‘先玉335’为供试材料,设置5个氮肥处理:N1(120 kg/hm^(2)),N2(180 kg/hm^(2)),N3(240 kg/hm^(2)),N4(300 kg/hm^(2)),NCK(360 kg/hm^(2),本地大田生产施氮量),测定光合特性和籽粒灌浆特性相关数据。结果表明:‘京农科728’在N2处理下拔节期和灌浆期的光合速率较NCK高,差异达显著水平;拔节期蒸腾速率较NCK高,差异达显著水平;抽雄吐丝期的细胞间二氧化碳浓度较NCK低,差异达显著水平。‘先玉335’在N4处理下的抽雄吐丝期的光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度皆显著高于NCK;在灌浆期的光合速率显著高于NCK;在抽雄吐丝期和灌浆期的细胞间二氧化碳浓度显著低于NCK。‘先玉335’的灌浆速率在N4处理下显著高于NCK。因此‘京农科728’施氮量在180 kg/hm^(2)(N2)左右最为适宜;‘先玉335’施氮量在300 kg/hm^(2)(N4)左右最为适宜。
To apply nitrogen fertilizer more reasonably and improve nitrogen use efficiency in planting high efficiency maize varieties,low-nitrogen and high-efficiency type maize variety‘Jingnongke 728’and high nitrogen and high-efficiency type maize variety‘Xianyu 335’were used as materials,five nitrogen treatments were set up:N1(120 kg/hm^(2)),N2(180 kg/hm^(2)),N3(240 kg/hm^(2)),N4(300 kg/hm^(2)),and NCK(360 kg/hm^(2),nitrogen application rate in local field production).The photosynthetic characteristics and grain filling characteristics of the two maize varieties were measured in this experiment.The results showed that the photosynthetic rate of‘Jingnongke 728’under N2 treatment at jointing stage and filling stage was significantly higher than that under NCK,and the transpiration rate at jointing stage was significantly higher than that under NCK,the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration at the tasseling stage was lower than that under NCK,and the difference was significant.The photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of‘Xianyu 335’under N4 treatment were significantly higher than those under NCK at the silking stage,and the photosynthetic rate was significantly higher than that under NCK at the filling stage.The intercellular carbon dioxide concentration during tasseling and filling stage was significantly lower than that under NCK.The grain-filling rate of‘Xianyu 335’under N4 treatment was significantly higher than that under NCK.Therefore,the optimum nitrogen application rate of‘Jingnongke 728’is about 180 kg/hm^(2)(N2),and that of‘Xianyu 335’is about 300 kg/hm^(2)(N4).
作者
蒙彦宇
景艳杰
周印富
MENG Yanyu;JING Yanjie;ZHOU Yinfu(Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao,066600,Hebei,China;Yutian Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Tangshan 064100,Hebei,China)
出处
《农学学报》
2022年第8期10-15,26,共7页
Journal of Agriculture
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“燕山山麓平原小麦、玉米丰产与资源高效利用种植技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0300506)。
关键词
玉米
施氮量
冀东地区
光合特性
籽粒灌浆特性
maize
nitrogen application rate
eastern Hebei Province
photosynthetic characteristics
grain filling characteristics
