摘要
国家安全学基础理论的构建是国家安全学学科建设的重要组成部分,缺乏国家安全学基础理论的支撑,国家安全学学科就犹如沙滩上的知识大厦,毫无根基可言。深刻理解国家安全问题的内涵,以国家安全问题为导向,遵循“问题→过程→结果”框架构建国家安全学基础理论,可使国家安全问题、国家安全认知、国家安全体系、国家安全能力、国家安全行为、国家安全极限等内容形成严密的逻辑整体。国家安全学基础理论以国家安全问题为逻辑起点和主线,国家安全问题构成预防和化解国家安全问题的“过程”和实现国家安全的“结果”的前提和保障。在“过程”中,国家安全问题通过国家安全认知、国家安全体系、国家安全能力、国家安全行为等要素的组合及其应用,得到预防和化解。国家安全极限作为国家安全目标实现的“结果”,意味着国家安全是一种相对安全而不是绝对安全,追求绝对安全必然导致安全困境,最终无法实现国家安全的目标。追求共同安全是国家安全极限应有之义。国家安全学基础理论遵循“问题→过程→结果”框架来构建其理论范式不能一蹴而就,需要共同努力,不断深化国家安全学基础理论研究。
Constructing a basic theoretical framework for national security studies is part and parcel of disciplinary building.Without sufficient support of the basic theoretical framework for national security studies,the disciplinary construction is like building a knowledge edifice without a solid foundation.The basic theory of national security studies can only be made through a deep understanding of the connotation of national security issues.The theory-building process should follow the principle of problem-orientation and the framework of“issue-process-result”.Such contents as national security issues,national security perceptions,national security systems,national security capabilities,national security behaviors and national security limits should form a logical whole.The basic theory of national security studies takes national security issues as its logical starting point and main line.They themselves constitute the“process”of preventing and addressing national security issues as well as the premise of and guarantee for the“result”of achieving national security.In the“process”,national security issues will be prevented and addressed through the combination and application of such essential factors as national security perceptions,national security systems,national security capabilities and national security behaviors.National security limits,as a result of the realization of national security goals,mean that national security is a kind of relative security rather than an absolute one.The pursuit of absolute security will inevitably lead to a“security dilemma”and might be stuck in an infinite loop of insecurity.Pursuing common security is the core meaning of national security limits.There is no instant way for national security studies to construct a theoretical paradigm within the“issue-process-result”framework.Joint efforts should be continuously made by both the government and the academia to form a synergy in order to deepen the basic theoretical research of national security.
作者
李文良
LI Wenliang(University of International Relations,Beijing,100091)
出处
《国际安全研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期3-29,157,共28页
Journal of International Security Studies
关键词
国家安全问题
国家安全过程
国家安全结果
基础理论框架
national security issues
national security processes
national security results
basic theoretical framework
